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Introduction
Introduction to diarrhea Diarrhoea refers to an acute illness that is characterized by a sudden onset of illness, a sudden increase in the number of bowel movements, and an urgent urgency. Acute enteritis, acute food poisoning, and acute diarrhea caused by certain intestinal allergies in modern medicine are all in the scope of this certificate. Patients with acute enteritis often have sudden onset in summer and autumn, and have a history of eating unclean food. They are characterized by fulminant epidemics. Patients often show nausea and vomiting first, followed by diarrhea, 3 to 5 times a day, or even Dozens of times, the stool is watery, dark yellow or green, stench, can be accompanied by abdominal cramps, fever, body aches and other symptoms. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% - 0.05% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bacterial dysentery Amoebic dysentery
Cause
Cause of diarrhea
The onset of violent diarrhea, due to external feelings of cold and dampness, heat and dampness, trapping spleen and yang, spleen and health, water and valleys follow; or overeating, eating and eating corrupt and unclean things, damage the spleen and stomach, leading to conduction Dereliction of duty, ups and downs, turbidity and indifferent, mixed down.
Prevention
Diarrhea prevention
(1) Bacterial and toxin infections are often most common with Salmonella and halophilic bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Toxins are common in Staphylococcus aureus, and viruses are also visible. There are often cases of collective morbidity or frequent family. If you eat contaminated poultry, livestock meat, fish, or seafood such as crabs and snails that grow halophilic bacteria, and eat leftovers, leftovers, etc. contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, the disease is induced. In China, the incidence rate is higher in summer and autumn, and there is no gender difference. The general incubation period is 12 to 36 hours. Salmonella is the main pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis, and Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella typhimurium are more common. The cause of acute enteritis----infection of bacteria and toxins, often infected with Salmonella and halophilic bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus), the toxin is common in Staphylococcus aureus, and the virus can also be seen. There are often cases of collective morbidity or frequent family. If you eat contaminated poultry, livestock meat, fish, or seafood such as crabs and snails that grow halophilic bacteria, and eat leftovers, leftovers, etc. contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, the disease is induced.
(2) Physical and chemical factors Eating cold food or certain drugs such as salicylates, sulfonamides, certain antibiotics, etc.; or accidentally taking strong acids, alkalis and pesticides can cause the disease.
Complication
Burial complications Complications, bacterial dysentery, amoebic dysentery
(1) A large amount of blood in the stool: refers to a large amount of intestinal bleeding in a short period of time, accompanied by rapid increase in blood pressure, blood pressure drop and low blood color, requiring blood transfusion therapy.
(2) Intestinal stenosis: clinically asymptomatic, can cause intestinal obstruction in severe cases, in the case of intestinal stenosis in this disease, be alert to the tumor.
(3) Intestinal perforation: The application of corticosteroids is considered to be a risk factor for intestinal perforation.
(4) Toxic expansion: This is a serious disease of this disease, most people with colitis, the mortality rate can be as high as 44%, easy to have intestinal perforation.
(5) Colon cancer: About 5% of cases have cancer.
Symptom
Symptoms of diarrhea Common symptoms Limb weakness, watery stool, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dull pain, nausea shock dehydration
More often appear a few hours after eating suddenly, diarrhea several times a day to more than 10 times, a yellow watery stool, sandwiched undigested food, generally no mucus pus. Abdominal pain is mostly located in the umbilical cord, showing paroxysmal dull pain or cramps. The lesion involves the stomach with vomiting, upper abdominal discomfort and so on. With systemic symptoms such as fever, headache, general discomfort, and weakness of the limbs. Patients with severe vomiting and diarrhea may have dehydration, acidosis, or even shock.
Acute enteritis can cause symptoms in various parts of the body. Generally speaking, symptoms of gastrointestinal symptoms, systemic symptoms, and signs can be observed from the following three aspects. Acute enteritis manifests in these aspects: gastrointestinal symptoms: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea are the main symptoms of acute enteritis. Vomiting is a sudden onset, often with nausea first, followed by vomiting, and most of the vomit is stomach contents. Severe cases can vomit bile or bloody substances. Abdominal pain is more common in the upper abdomen, and severe cases may present with paroxysmal cramps. Diarrhea is characterized by watery stools, ranging from several times to dozens of times a day, accompanied by stench, mostly dark yellow or greenish, with little pus and no urgency. Systemic symptoms: general systemic symptoms are mild, severe patients have fever, water loss, acidosis, shock and other symptoms, and even can be expressed as acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Signs: Early or mild cases of enteritis can be without any signs. When examining the body, there may be mild tenderness in the upper abdomen or umbilical cord, and the bowel sounds are often hyperthyroidized. In general, patients with acute enteritis have a short course of disease and can recover from self-healing within a few days. By paying attention to these symptoms, you can treat acute enteritis in time, so that we can avoid delays and unnecessary troubles.
Examine
Sweeping inspection
Early or mild cases of enteritis may have no signs. When examining the body, there may be mild tenderness in the upper abdomen or umbilical cord, and the bowel sounds are often hyperactive.
Diagnosis
Diarrhea diagnosis
(A) exogenous diarrhea: urgency under the diarrhea, abdominal pain and bowel. If it is caused by Shushi, the color of the feces is yellow and stinky, the anus is hot, the heat is thirsty, the urine is short red, the number of pulses or slippage, the tongue is yellow and greasy; if the external cold and wet, see the diarrhea, or Both aversion to cold and fever, nasal congestion, sore limbs, slow pulse, thin white or greasy fur.
(B) food injury diarrhea: abdominal pain, bowel, when the pain is down, the pain is drastically refused. After the diarrhea, the stool is stinky, the feces are stinky, the bloating is full, the pain after eating is very high, the diarrhea is more, the pulse is slippery, the tongue is muddy or thick and greasy.
