occupational skin cancer
Introduction
Introduction to occupational skin cancer Occupational skin cancer (occupationalskincancer) refers to skin tumors that occur during occupational work and are affected by many factors. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the main chemical substances causing occupational skin tumors, including asphalt, tar, soot, carbon black, paraffin and mineral oil. Long-term exposure to such substances and their metabolites can induce skin cancer, benzene. 3,4-benzpyrene is a product of all carbon-containing metabolites. It is converted into epoxides, ie, alkylating agents, and nucleic acids by a series of actions such as cyclooxygenase and microsomal hydroxylase in the body. Binding, which interferes with genetic information, results in the formation of abnormal base pairs upon transcription or impedes complete dissociation and canceration. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: renal failure
Cause
Occupational skin cancer cause
(1) Causes of the disease
1. Chemical carcinogenesis: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons are the main chemical substances causing occupational skin tumors, including asphalt, tar, soot, carbon black, paraffin and mineral oil, and long-term exposure to such substances and their metabolites. It can induce skin cancer. 3,4-benzpyrene is a product of all carbonaceous metabolism. It is converted into epoxide by a series of actions such as cyclooxygenase and microsomal hydroxylase in the body. A hydrocarbonating agent that binds to a nucleic acid and interferes with genetic information, resulting in the formation of abnormal base pairs upon transcription or impeding complete dissociation to cause canceration.
Arsenic-induced carcinogenesis may be caused by long-term exposure to arsenic and arsenic compounds. The incubation period is more than 15 years. Experiments have shown that arsenic agents mainly block DNA polymerase and cause tumors.
The chemicals that induce skin cancer are still alkylated, aromatic amines, nitrogen dyes, acridine yellow, carbamate, tobacco, dimethylnitrosourea, chloroprene, cerium nitrate, acetylaminopurine and Dimethylbenzidine and the like.
2. Photochemical carcinogenesis: Sunlight can enhance the carcinogenic effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and actinic substances can also stimulate the ultraviolet (UV) carcinogenesis. The carcinogenic spectrum of UV is 240-320nm, and the carcinogenicity is the strongest at 290-300nm. .
3. Ionizing radiation carcinogenesis: On the basis of the original radiation dermatitis, the dose is equivalent to 3000cGy, which can cause skin cancer, and the incubation period is about 25 to 30 years.
4. Trauma carcinogenesis: Some occupational wounds occur on the original normal skin, and tumors occur in the original wound site after a considerable period of time.
(two) pathogenesis
1. Long-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their metabolites can induce skin cancer. 3,4-benzpyrene is a product of all carbonaceous metabolism, passing cyclooxygenase, microparticles in vivo. A series of actions, such as body hydroxylase, are converted into epoxides, ie, alkylating agents, which bind to nucleic acids and interfere with genetic information, resulting in abnormal base pairs during transcription or impeding complete dissociation to cause canceration.
2. Actinic photocarcinogenic actinic substances can also stimulate the ultraviolet (UV) carcinogenesis. UV irradiation can cause the formation of thymine dimers in DNA, causing structural and functional changes in the double helix strands of DNA, and inducing cell mutations. .
3. The formation of ionizing radiation-causing tumors may depend on the irreversible damage of the hair follicles by ionizing radiation.
4. Trauma carcinogenesis from trauma to tumor can occur such as ulcers, scars and other persistent signs; the disease is a non-metastatic tumor, and histologically located in the wound site.
Prevention
Occupational skin cancer prevention
Regular physical examination, in case of suspicious damage, timely pathological examination, once diagnosed, actively take effective treatment. Strengthen personal protection, minimize direct contact with suspected carcinogens, and find substitutes that are not carcinogenic.
Complication
Occupational skin cancer complications Complications, renal failure
The disease belongs to malignant tumor, which develops rapidly and is destructive. It can extend into connective tissue, cartilage, periosteum and bone. Regional lymph node metastasis can often occur, and visceral metastasis can occur in the late stage. In particular, mucosal squamous cell carcinoma is often easily metastasized. Different metastatic sites lead to different complications, such as local metastatic infiltration, which can lead to local organ tissue compression, liver and kidney metastasis can lead to liver and kidney dysfunction.
Symptom
Occupational skin cancer symptoms Common symptoms Long-lasting red skin Proliferative keloid dermatitis Cortical gliosis
Some occupational trauma occurs on the normal skin. After a considerable period of time, the tumor occurs in the original wound site. From trauma to tumor, persistent signs such as ulcers and scars may occur. The disease is a non-metastatic tumor and is histologically located. The wound site.
Examine
Occupational skin cancer screening
In the small lesions, multiple resection biopsy, diagnosis and treatment of a double-edged sword, Qi Qigong in one battle. The lesion is slightly larger, especially if it needs to be removed, including 2 to 3 mm of normal skin outside the lesion. If the defect is too large for the treatment request, and the appearance defect is caused, the biopsy should be taken or cut, and the near part of the lesion should be included.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of occupational skin cancer
More common in occupational practitioners involved in the above factors, skin lesions occur in the hands, face and other exposed parts, tumors occur more than a few years after the industry, such as chemical cancer caused by 15 to 20 years, ionizing radiation carcinogenic needs 20 30 years, clinical squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanocyte cancer, etc., histopathology can help diagnosis.
Generally not confused with other diseases.
