cane pneumoconiosis
Introduction
Introduction to cane pneumoconiosis Bagassosis is caused by repeated inhalation of large amounts of antigenic organic matter during the treatment of moldy bagasse, mainly exogenous allergic alveolitis caused by thermophilic actinomycetes. The acute phase is characterized by systemic symptoms, specific antibodies in the serum, lymphocytic infiltration of the alveolar and small airway walls, and sarcoidosis-like granuloma, which is characterized by irreversible and progressive diffuse interstitial fibrosis in the chronic phase. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.0004%-0.0007% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: contagious Complications: mental disorders associated with respiratory diseases Pulmonary fibrosis
Cause
Sugarcane pneumoconiosis
Causes:
Sugarcane pneumoconiosis is caused by the inhalation of a large amount of organic antigens in moldy bagasse into the lungs to reach the bronchioles and alveoli. Exogenous allergic alveolitis can be isolated from moldy sugar cane, usually white, sugar cane Thermophilic bacteria and the like.
Pathogenesis:
The pathological changes in the acute phase are pulmonary edema, lymphocytic infiltration and thickening of the alveolar wall. After pulmonary edema subsides, epithelioid granuloma appears, collagen fibers surround the granuloma, and granuloma disappears. The alveolar wall infiltrates and the alveolar wall. Inflammatory thickening, a small amount of reticular fibers and collagen fibers, the pathological changes in the chronic phase are alveolar wall, terminal and respiratory bronchioles, diffuse collagen fibrosis around the blood vessels.
Prevention
Sugarcane pneumoconiosis prevention
Bagasse should be as dry and mild as possible, and bagasse should be as dry as possible to prevent mildew. Keep the environment for storing sugar cane kept transparent, and prevent mold can play a preventive role. Avoid inhaling dust in the working environment and take protective measures. The patient is treated symptomatically and can be treated with adrenocortical hormone in severe cases. Keep the environment for storing sugar cane kept transparent, and prevent mold can play a preventive role.
Complication
Sugarcane pneumoconiosis Complications Respiratory diseases associated with mental disorders pulmonary fibrosis
Concurrent respiratory infection, diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.
1. Respiratory diseases are a common and frequently-occurring disease. The main lesions are in the trachea, bronchus, lungs and chest. The lesions are more common, such as cough, chest pain, and breathing. In severe cases, breathing difficulties, hypoxia, and even respiratory failure. lethal.
2. Diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis is an inflammatory disease of the interstitial lung caused by a variety of causes. The lesion mainly affects the interstitial lung, and may also involve alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary vessels. The cause is clear and some are unknown. The clear causes are inhalation of inorganic dust such as asbestos, coal, organic dust such as mold dust, cotton dust, gases such as smoke, sulfur dioxide, viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasitic infections, drug effects and radiation damage. The disease belongs to the category of "cough", "hypertension" and "pulmonary sputum" of traditional Chinese medicine.
Symptom
Cane pneumoconiosis symptoms common symptoms chills dry cough dyspnea persistent fever fever chest tightness nausea
4~8h after a large amount of contact with moldy organic matter, headache, chills, fever, fatigue, sweating, somatic pain, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, difficulty breathing, cough, mostly dry cough, symptoms disappear within 2 to 3 days after contact. Once again exposed to the antigen, the symptoms can reappear. After repeated episodes, there are chronic manifestations, and there are many sputum.
Examine
Cane pneumoconiosis
1. The serum precipitin test is positive, generally lasting 2 to 3 years.
2. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: The total number of cells increases, mainly lymphocytes, up to 60%.
3. Peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets CD4/CD8 inverted.
4. Serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG increased.
5. Pulmonary function test: mainly restrictive ventilatory dysfunction, obstructive ventilatory dysfunction due to terminal and respiratory bronchial occlusion, decreased lung capacity, decreased lung total, decreased lung compliance, arterial oxygen saturation Degree is reduced.
6. X-ray examination: normal, or manifested as signs of pulmonary edema, scattered small shadows in the middle and lower lung fields, disappeared after a few months, sometimes with flaky shadows, disappeared after 2 to 3 weeks.
7. Antigen challenge test: The antigen extract can be induced by aerosol inhalation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of sugarcane pneumoconiosis
diagnosis
Mainly rely on the history of occupational exposure, the characteristics of the symptoms for diagnosis, serum precipitin can only be used as a contact indicator, X-ray chest X-ray is helpful for diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
Chronic attention is identified with chronic mycosis, chronic sarcoidosis and other pulmonary interstitial fibrotic lesions.
Sarcoidosis is a multi-system granulomatous disease with unknown etiology. It is clinically characterized by bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, lung infiltration and skin and eye damage.
