hyperplastic schwannoma
Introduction
Introduction to proliferative hair root sheath tumor Proliferative trich sheathoma (proliferative trichilemmoma) is also called head hair tumor. This disease is a benign tumor originating from the outer root sheath of hair follicles. It occurs in hair-intensive parts, 90% of which occurs in the scalp and the rest mainly occurs in the back. Most of them are elderly people, including women. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is about 0.005%-0.006% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: urinary tract fungal infection
Cause
Causes of proliferative hair root sheath tumor
(1) Causes of the disease
The disease has a tendency to differentiate into hair. Multiple proliferative hair root sheath tumors may be associated with chromosomal dominant inheritance, with a family history, while single hair follicle tumors have no family history.
(two) pathogenesis
The tumor is located in the dermis and is encapsulated by connective tissue with clear boundaries. A single saclike structure can be seen, which is filled with horny and sometimes visible hair shaft. Occasionally, 2 to 3 cystic structures are gathered together. The wall of the capsule is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is attached to the epidermis. It can be seen that many epithelial tissues with bundle-like hyperplasia are radially arranged from the center of the cyst, and some form immature hair follicles. Sebum and small horny cysts can still be seen in the hyperplastic epithelial tissue.
Prevention
Proliferative hair root sheath tumor prevention
The etiology of this disease is not clear, its pathogenesis is usually related to autosomal abnormalities, and is common in families with close relatives, this disease can not be directly prevented. For patients with a family history of suspected chromosomal abnormalities, genetic screening should be carried out to avoid the offspring of the disease caused by chromosome inheritance after marriage. At the same time, attention should also be paid to strengthening nutrition during pregnancy, reasonable diet, and avoiding emotional stimuli that affect embryonic development.
Complication
Proliferative hair root sheath tumor complications Complications, urinary tract fungal infections
This disease can often lead to the rupture of the skin mucosa, due to the destruction of skin integrity, it can cause skin bacterial infection or fungal infection due to scratching, usually secondary to low body, or long-term use of immunosuppressants and fungi with nail fungus Infected patients, such as concurrent bacterial infections, may have symptoms such as fever, swelling of the skin, ulceration, and purulent secretion. Severe cases can lead to sepsis, which should be brought to the attention of clinicians.
Symptom
Proliferative hair root sheath tumor symptoms Common symptoms Pore hyperkeratosis excessive nodular fungal infection
For solitary tumors, the initial stage is a powdery tumor-like subcutaneous nodule, which can grow into a bulging lobular mass, which can be broken, and can be complicated with 1 or several scabbard cysts of the scalp. 90% of the disease occurs in the scalp. The rest mainly occurs in the back, mostly in the elderly, 80% are women, some tumors are keratinized in addition to hairscaping, and there are keratinization changes similar to the hair follicle funnel. These changes include epidermal keratinization and angular bead formation, while others Similar to squamous maneuvers, some tumors are vacuolated by the storage of glycogen in some tumor cells, or form clear cells.
Examine
Examination of proliferative hair root sheath tumor
Histopathology: The tumor tissue and the surrounding tissue are clearly defined. The epithelial cells are composed of unequal large leaflets. The cell layers around some leaflets are grid-like and wrapped around a glassy layer, which is characterized by the sudden change of epithelial cells into eosinophilic Qualitative keratin, the same type of amorphous keratin is found in the cavity of the hair follicle cyst, and some tumors are keratinized by hair follicles, and there are similar keratinization changes of the hair follicle funnel. These changes include epidermal keratinization. Corner beads are formed, and some are similar to scaly rounds.
Many parts of the tumor cell nucleus mild metastasis and individual cell keratinization, initially suggest squamous cell carcinoma, but the difference is that the boundary of the surrounding interstitial is quite obvious, and suddenly keratinized, calcification is generally small, but common in no In the keratin region, some tumors are vacuolated by the storage of glycogen in some tumor cells, or form clear cells.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of proliferative hair root sheath tumor
According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed.
Histological attention should be paid to the identification of hairy cell tumors.
1. Hairy cell tumor: Mammary tumor and hair epithelial tumor are benign tumors that are mainly differentiated from hair follicles. Different authors have different descriptions of the tumor lineage of hair follicles. They have used the name hair follicle germinal tumor, hairy cell fibroma, lymphoma (enameloid cell-like hairy cell tumor), which are not independent clinical pathological diseases.
