primary parotid lymphoma
Introduction
Introduction to primary parotid lymphoma Primary parotidean lymphoma (primary parotideanlymphoma) is a type of salivary gland lymphoma, a rare malignant lymphoma that occurs in the parotid gland. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the incidence rate is about 0.001% -0.002% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: malignant lymphoma
Cause
Cause of primary parotid lymphoma
(1) Causes of the disease
The occurrence of primary parotid lymphoma is closely related to radiation. As early as the 1960s, there were reports of parotid gland tumors as post-radiation complications. Belsk had long-term follow-up of survivors after the Japanese World War II atomic bombing. 30 cases of malignant tumors of the parotid gland were found to be closely related to the atomic bomb radiation. In addition, viral infections and frequent exposure to smoke, dust and exposure to chemicals may also be associated with the disease.
(two) pathogenesis
Low-grade marginal B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoma often occur in the context of benign lymphoid epithelial lesions and myoepithelial mumps, while myoepithelial mumps are usually associated with autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren Syndrome-related, patients with no autoimmune disease rarely occur in this disease, therefore, it is speculated that this disease is associated with parotid inflammation and immune dysfunction.
Prevention
Primary parotid lymphoma prevention
Regular physical examination, early detection and early diagnosis is the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Primary parotid lymphoma complications Complications, malignant lymphoma
Malignant lymphoma.
Symptom
Symptoms of primary parotid lymphoma Common symptoms Cervical lymphadenopathy Parotid painless mass
Common symptoms are progressively enlarged non-fixed masses, usually unilateral painless, sometimes local pain, cervical lymphadenopathy or facial nerve paralysis, some rare cases can occur at the same time submandibular gland invasion, also The lesion may invade the skin or deep tissue, and may coexist with some autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. Because the disease is mostly low-grade lymphoma, the lesions are limited at the time of treatment (I Phase II), but late in the histological type of conversion (converted to height) and disseminated.
Examine
Examination of primary parotid lymphoma
Parotid biopsy.
Bone marrow aspiration cytology, liver and kidney function tests, chest, abdomen and pelvic CT examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of primary parotid lymphoma
According to the painless mass in the parotid gland, surgical biopsy and pathological histological examination confirmed that 80% of patients were diagnosed with stage I and II, and primary parotid lymphoma was staged with Ann Arbor, but the misdiagnosis rate of this disease The reason is that other malignant tumors are often suspected at the time of the visit, and the disease is rarely thought of.
The disease needs to be distinguished from myoepithelial mumps, malignant mixed tumor, acinar cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, etc., especially mucosa-associated lymphoma and myoepithelial mumps. The difference is more difficult, the latter is often misdiagnosed as "pseudo-lymphoma", immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry are helpful to distinguish between the two, most malignant lymphoma can show abnormal immunophenotype and immunoglobulin Light chain restriction, molecular genetic analysis can show that the immunoglobulin genes are rearranged to monoclonal.
