vaginal leukoplakia
Introduction
Introduction to vaginal white spots Vaginal leukoplakia is also called white lesions of the vulva, leukoplakia, white genital damage, proliferative leukoplakia, or vulvar malnutrition. The so-called female leukoplakia actually refers to diseases of tissue degeneration and pigmentation caused by local nerve and vascular dystrophy of the vulva. Clinically, the skin and mucous membranes of the vulva are whitened and thickened or atrophic diseases, collectively referred to as "vaginal leukoplakia" (vulvar leukoplakia). basic knowledge Probability ratio: 8.7% of women over 30 years old Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: vaginitis
Cause
Vaginal leukoplakia
Pussy infection and inflammatory irritation (30%):
This is the main cause of vaginal leukoplakia, which accounts for about 50% of patients. There are many factors that cause vaginal infection and inflammatory irritation. For example, the usual hygienic habits are not good, the vagina is not often cleaned, the chemical fiber underwear is worn, the sanitary products are unclean, the bath is bathed, the bath is swimming, etc., causing vaginal inflammation. If it cannot be treated in time, inflammatory secretion Infiltration into the perineum, long-term infection and stimulation, the skin and mucous membranes will be damaged, redness, ulceration and degeneration will occur, which will gradually develop into vaginal leukoplakia.
Endocrine disorders (25%):
Endocrine diseases are caused by endocrine disorders caused by endocrine glands and tissues themselves, or endocrine disorders due to genetic, enzyme defects and immune functions. By measuring the thymine (h3)-labeled thymine, it is believed that there is a protein hormone in the dermis that inhibits epidermal cell division and growth only acts on the epidermis, which is called tissue-specific protein hormone, called statin, which causes local connective tissue hyperplasia and Disorders between the stimulation of epidermal metabolism lead to vaginal leukoplakia.
Genetic factors (15%):
About 10-30% of patients with leukoplakia. It is caused by heredity, and the hereditary leukoplakia is mainly atrophic, and the patients are mainly young girls. Clinically, patients under the age of 15 should first pay attention to genetic factors, and inquire about the presence or absence of vulvar leukoplakia in their parents' families.
Other diseases (20%):
Such as diabetes, vitiligo, vulva eczema, genital itching, etc., such as misuse of drugs, improper treatment, may also lead to or increase the formation and development of vaginal leukoplakia.
There are many reasons for vaginal leukoplakia, but the main cause is vaginal infection and inflammatory irritation. Therefore, female friends must pay more attention to their daily life, clean the vagina after sex, and reduce the incidence of vaginal inflammation. This requires starting from the aspects of hygiene, diet and so on.
Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is still not clear.
Prevention
Vaginal leukoplakia prevention
(1) Loose, breathable underwear should be worn in daily life, mainly based on pure cotton products, and avoid wearing underwear of chemical fiber products such as acrylic.
(2) The affected area should be kept dry, ventilated and cool.
(3) Some women are too clean and have the habit of cleaning the vulva once or several times a day. Here we suggest that because the female vulva has a self-cleaning effect, it is usually cleaned 2-3 times a week. Do not use any detergent when cleaning. Because it is generally alkaline), the vulva can be cleaned, avoid warm water too hot.
(4) In daily life, attention should be paid to the regulation of life stress and emotions, keeping the mood optimistic and cheerful. At this point, the family members of the patients should actively cooperate to establish confidence in the fight against disease.
(5) Sexual life should be avoided during treatment, and the vulva should be cleaned.
(6) Follow the cause, pay attention to the cleansing of the vulva, regular review of systemic treatment.
Complication
Vaginal leukoplakia complications Complications vaginitis
Can be complicated by the following symptoms:
First, vaginal bleeding: vaginal cell shedding, leukoplakia ulceration can cause vaginal bleeding, often manifested as vaginal discharge with bloodshot.
Second, vaginal inflammation: due to decreased resistance, vaginal leukoplakia mucosa weak, can lead to vaginal colony imbalance and cause vaginitis.
Symptom
Vaginal leukoplakia symptoms common symptoms acute vaginal infection vaginal discharge increased vulvar leukoplakia itching vaginal laceration hardening
1. Female leukoplakia is often accompanied by itching and even severe itching, which is usually a progressive sign of mossy hardening, and pain can occur, especially when a gap occurs.
2. In addition to the vestibule and urethral opening, other parts of the female genital tract can occur, with the clitoris, labia minora and the inner surface of the labia majora. Fractures and ulcers are signs of poor prognosis. The lesion area is enlarged, which can cause vaginal stenosis, but The labia minora does not shrink.
3. The damage characteristics are basically the same as those of oral mucosa leukoplakia. Most of them are single hair in the early stage. They are not shaped white patches, and the elasticity and luster disappear. They can be expanded and merged. Because of vaginal secretions, they can often be thickened, and there is also an early sense. Itching, later become white spot, the late manifestation of surface keratinization, rough, hard, bead white, papillary proliferation or atrophy, consciously itching severe, often due to scratching secondary redness, cleft palate, ulcer.
4. Patients with advanced lesions that become enlarged and hardened may have secondary cancerous changes. This disease can also be seen with female dryness.
5. Female leukoplakia is a dynamic process. The skin lesions in different areas of the same patient show different characteristics and manifestations, especially those with vulvitis and second-stage lichen-like changes. The disease course cannot be predicted. In some cases, the lesion spreads rapidly and extensively. Some lesions can remain unchanged for several years.
Examine
Examination of vaginal leukoplakia
Histopathology: Female leukoplakia can be established by histopathological diagnosis. The lesions need to be differentiated from mossy, epidermal and lichen planus, often with lichen-like changes. If histopathology is difficult to identify, local injection of steroids can be done. Re-biopsy after removal of lichen-like changes, in histopathology, can be expressed in irregular shape, with varying degrees of cell non-change, or polarity disappears, but follow-up biopsy, can be found in epidermal mitotic activity increased (atypical hyperplasia) Early manifestations), from mild non-proliferative to even similar to cancer, present a progressive change.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of vaginal leukoplakia
diagnosis
According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed.
Differential diagnosis
1. Lichen planus: can also be found in the female genital mucosa, but there are often lichen planus in the body, biopsy can be identified.
2. Neurodermatitis: The skin lesions are lichen-like, mostly in the labia majora and the female genital skin, not seen in the mucosa.
3. Vitiligo: seen in the skin of the genitals, except for the pigmentation subsided, no other changes, the pigment around the white spot is often deepened, not itching, extending to the pubic lice, the pubic hair can be white, the pathological changes except the basal layer of melanin disappear, the epithelium has no Pathological changes.
