Simple, wedge-shaped compression fractures of thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies
Introduction
Brief introduction of simple and wedge-shaped compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies This is the most common type in clinical practice. It is caused by the falling of the buttocks or the heel of the heel. It is easy to be accompanied by fractures of the calcaneus or tibia. Such fractures occur between the chest 11 and the waist 2, especially More common in the chest 12 ~ waist 1. In addition, mild trauma to osteoporosis can also be caused by menopausal women, mostly after the fall of the flat, the site is often below the first lumbar vertebrae, may be related to the load intensity. This type of chest and lumbar fracture can also be caused by tetanus or other causes of contraction of the trunk muscles. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: lumbar muscle strain
Cause
Causes of simple and wedge-shaped compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies
Stress factor (65%):
Mostly due to flexion, caused by longitudinal violence, the front column compression is wedge-shaped, while the middle column and the rear column have no significant changes. Older patients are mostly caused by life or general traffic accidents, including flat fall.
Body factor (25%):
As the age increases, the bone calcium content is insufficient, resulting in osteoporosis, which easily leads to the occurrence of this symptom.
Undernutrition (10%):
Calcium loss due to special diseases is serious, and due to improper feeding methods, the body is undernourished.
Prevention
Thoracic and lumbar vertebral body simple, wedge compression fracture prevention
Mainly early detection of early treatment.
Complication
Complications of simple thoracic and lumbar vertebral body and wedge compression fracture Complications, lumbar muscle strain
Lumbar tendon spasm, local pain, tenderness, spinous process bulge.
Symptom
Thoracic and lumbar vertebral body simple, wedge compression fracture symptoms Common symptoms Compression fracture spine process pain spinous process tenderness lumbar stiffness
Mainly manifested as local pain in the wound, tenderness, spinous process and conduction pain, due to local bleeding and defensive reflex, bilateral lumbar muscles are mostly sickle, accompanied by symptoms such as limited lumbar activity; People with local hematoma are very rare.
Examine
Examination of simple and wedge-shaped compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies
The compression of the vertebral body and the degree of compression can be clearly displayed on the X-ray film. In most cases, the anterior edge of the vertebral body is compressed to about 1/4, generally no more than 2/4. Therefore, there is no obvious dislocation of the posterior small joint, X The occlusal variation can be shown on the flat film, but it has little effect on the stability of the spine. If the compression exceeds 2/4 of the vertebral body and the posterior facet joint of the vertebral joint is subluxated, it should be regarded as another in the unstable type. Classification, because it does not affect the spinal canal, so if it is not necessary, generally do not need CT scan or MRI.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of simple and wedge-shaped compression fractures of thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies
Generally, there is no difficulty. It should be noted for elderly patients, especially women after menopause. A slight trauma can cause chest and lumbar fractures.
1. History of trauma: It can be different in severity, especially in menopausal women and elderly patients, and gently sitting down can cause this type of lumbar fracture.
2. Clinical features: Spinous process tenderness and conduction pain have diagnostic significance and have a localization effect.
3. X-ray examination can establish the degree of diagnosis and compression.
