Bacterial stomatitis in children
Introduction
Introduction to bacterial infectious stomatitis in children It is often characterized by mucosal erosion, ulceration and pseudomembrane formation, and is acute infectious stomatitis. Rapid onset, accompanied by systemic reactions such as fever, headache, sore throat, crying, irritability, refusal to eat, submandibular lymphadenopathy. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 5% Susceptible people: children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: conjunctival congestion, oral ulcers
Cause
Causes of bacterial infectious stomatitis in children
(1) Causes of the disease
There are a certain number of various bacteria in the normal human mouth. Under normal circumstances, it does not cause disease, but when the internal and external environment changes, the body's defense ability declines, such as cold, fever, infection, abuse of antibiotics and/or adrenocortical hormone. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, etc., the oral bacteria proliferate actively, the virulence is enhanced, the flora relationship is dysfunctional, and the disease can be caused. The pathogenic bacteria mainly include streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcal and the like.
(two) pathogenesis
Oral mucosal infection is often caused by several cocci, causing acute damage to the oral mucosa. The main clinical feature is the formation of pseudomembrane, so coccidiositis is collectively called pseudomembranous stomatitis.
Prevention
Pediatric bacterial infection stomatitis prevention
1. Pay attention to oral hygiene.
2. Strengthen nutrition and enhance physical fitness.
3. Prevent the abuse of antibiotics.
Complication
Pediatric bacterial infection stomatitis complications Conjunctival congestion, oral ulcer
A silver-gray pseudomembrane appears on the mucosa of the hyperemic edema with varying degrees of systemic symptoms. The smear or bacterial culture examination revealed a diagnosis of pneumococci, oral mucosal congestion, and localized formation of clear erosion or ulceration. The surface of the ulcer or erosion is covered with a layer of pseudo-film, which is yellow or grayish yellow with clear boundaries. The fake membrane is not easy to be wiped off. If it is wiped off with force, the bleeding wound can be seen below.
Symptom
Pediatric bacterial infection stomatitis symptoms common symptoms oral mucosal ulcer oral mucosal leukoplakia children crying disturbed lymph nodes enlargement to eat sore throat bacterial infection
Sudden onset, accompanied by systemic reactions such as fever, headache, sore throat, crying, irritability, refusal to eat, submandibular lymphadenopathy, etc., lesions can occur in the oral mucosa, with more common tongue, lip and buccal mucosa. From the beginning, mucosal congestion and edema, followed by erosions or ulcers of varying sizes, scattered and gathered, and the surface was covered with a gray-white pseudomembrane, which was easy to wipe off, but the wound that left the hemorrhage was soon covered by a pseudomembrane. .
The site of staphylococcal stomatitis is mainly gingival, covered with dark white moss film, easy to be wiped off, but does not cause ulcers, mucous membranes in other parts of the mouth have different degrees of congestion, systemic symptoms are mild. A large amount of staphylococci can be seen on the smear, and the bacterial culture can be clearly diagnosed.
Streptococcal stomatitis is diffuse acute gingivitis. On the basis of acute congestion of oral mucosa, there are yellow white moss membranes of different sizes. The peeling of the pseudomembrane leaves a bleeding erosion surface, and soon it is covered again by the pseudomembrane. The systemic symptoms are obvious, often accompanied by streptococcal pharyngitis. If the moss smear or bacterial culture is found to detect streptococci, the diagnosis can be confirmed.
Pneumococcal stomatitis mostly occurs in the winter and spring, or when the climate suddenly changes, it occurs in the hard palate, the bottom of the mouth, the sublingual and buccal mucosa. A silver-gray pseudomembrane appears on the mucosa of the hyperemic edema with varying degrees of systemic symptoms. A smear or bacterial culture test revealed a diagnosis of pneumococci.
The oral mucosa is hyperemia and locally forms a clear erosion or ulcer. The surface of the ulcer or erosion is covered with a layer of pseudo-film, which is yellow or grayish yellow with clear boundaries. The fake membrane is not easy to be wiped off. If it is wiped off with force, the bleeding wound can be seen below. Inflammatory bad breath, swollen lymph nodes, increased white blood cells, and elevated body temperature. Bacterial culture can assist in diagnosis.
Examine
Pediatric bacterial infection stomatitis
The laboratory examined the total number of white blood cells and neutrophils significantly, and the smear and bacterial culture can be clearly diagnosed.
Histopathological changes, oral mucosal congestion and edema, epithelial destruction have a large number of fibrinous exudation, necrotic epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and a variety of bacteria and fibrin form a pseudomembrane, the lamina propria has a large number of lymphocytic infiltration.
Generally no special auxiliary inspection is required.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of bacterial infectious stomatitis in children
diagnosis
The site of staphylococcal stomatitis is mainly gingival, covered with dark white moss film, easy to be wiped off, but does not cause ulcers, mucous membranes in other parts of the mouth have different degrees of congestion, systemic symptoms are slight, smear shows a large number of staphylococci Bacterial culture can be clearly diagnosed.
Streptococcal stomatitis is diffuse acute gingivitis of the mouth. On the basis of acute congestion of the oral mucosa, there are yellow white moss membranes of different sizes. When the pseudomembrane is peeled off, there is a bleeding erosion surface, and soon it is covered again by the pseudomembrane. Systemic symptoms are obvious, often accompanied by streptococcal pharyngitis, moss film smear or bacterial culture examination found streptococci, you can confirm the diagnosis.
Pneumococcal stomatitis mostly occurs in the winter and spring, or when the climate suddenly changes, it occurs in the hard palate, the bottom of the mouth, the sublingual and buccal mucosa, and the gray-gray pseudomembrane appears on the mucosa of the congestion and edema, with varying degrees of systemic symptoms. The smear or bacterial culture examination revealed a diagnosis of pneumococci.
Oral mucosa congestion, localized formation of clear erosion or ulceration on the surface, covered with a layer of pseudo-membrane on the surface of the ulcer or erosion, yellow or gray-yellow, clear boundaries, the pseudo-film is not easy to wipe off, such as after wiping off, visible below Bleeding wounds, inflammatory bad breath, swollen lymph nodes, increased white blood cells, elevated body temperature, bacterial culture can help diagnose.
Differential diagnosis
Pediatric bacterial infectious stomatitis should be differentiated from viral stomatitis and can be easily identified based on clinical features and laboratory tests.
Viral stomatitis: The incidence is often closely related to the virus (the virus belongs to the primary virus) infection, bacterial infection, digestive diseases and dysfunction, endocrine changes, mental and neurological factors, genetic factors and immune function changes.
