nonfunctioning parathyroid cyst
Introduction
Introduction to non-functional parathyroid cyst Non-functional parathyroid cysts are different from cystic changes of parathyroid adenomas. It has been reported to confuse the two, but non-functional parathyroid cysts are associated with parathyroid glands in both clinical and therapeutic approaches. Tumor cystic changes are fundamentally different. Non-functional parathyroid cysts are rare in clinical practice, but according to autopsy data, 40% to 50% of people have microscopic cysts visible under the microscope before puberty, and almost all people have microscopes after 20 years old. The microcysts visible underneath, therefore, the clinical incidence of non-functional parathyroid cysts is much lower than its actual incidence. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0025% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: swelling
Cause
The cause of non-functional parathyroid cyst
(1) Causes of the disease
There are two theories about the formation of non-functional parathyroid cysts. One theory is that several microcysts are fused together, one of which has a secretory or secretory function, which is based on a non-functional parathyroid gland. The cyst has the same structural features as the microcyst found at autopsy. The cyst contains a high concentration of parathyroid hormone in the solution, and the other is considered to be the remnant of the third pharyngeal sac (Kursteiner tube). Sexual cysts are based on the fact that almost all of the parathyroid cysts do not occur in the lower parathyroid glands, and smooth muscle fibers can be found in the cyst wall under electron microscopy.
(two) pathogenesis
Non-functional parathyroid cyst is a single atrial cyst with a thin wall composed of fibrous connective tissue. The inner surface is lined with a cubic epithelium or cylindrical epithelium. The epithelial cells have villi on the surface, and there are glycogen particles and PAS staining in the cytoplasm. Positive particles, normal parathyroid tissue can be seen outside the fibrous connective tissue of the cyst wall, sometimes thymus tissue and muscle tissue can be seen. The cystic cavity contains a water-like transparent serous liquid containing a high concentration of parathyroid hormone.
Prevention
Non-functional parathyroid cyst prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Nonfunctional parathyroid cyst complications Complications swelling
Non-functional parathyroid cysts with a pre-neck mass, without any symptoms, a small number of patients may have compression symptoms.
Symptom
Symptoms of non-functional parathyroid cysts Common symptoms Cyst thyroid gland and smooth...
Most patients have no symptoms other than the pre-neck masses found by chance. A few patients may have compression symptoms. Most of the non-functional parathyroid cysts occur in the lower parathyroid glands, especially on the left side. The tumor can be touched near the lower pole of the thyroid. The size of the tumor is different, the surface is smooth, the texture is soft and elastic or has a fluctuating feeling, but sometimes it is hard and has tension, activity, and no tenderness.
Examine
Examination of non-functional parathyroid cysts
1. Puncture fluid examination: The puncture fluid of non-functional parathyroid cyst is a colorless and transparent slurry of water, which contains a high concentration of parathyroid hormone.
2. Determination of serum calcium concentration.
3. Determination of serum parathyroid hormone.
Ultrasound examination can be confirmed as cystic lesions.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of non-functional parathyroid cyst
A tumor that occurs in the parathyroid gland, confirmed by B ultrasound as a cystic lesion; the cyst is puncture, and the liquid is a colorless and transparent slurry containing a high concentration of parathyroid hormone for diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
1. Thyroid nodules: Thyroid nodules can sometimes be cystic, and ultrasound examination should be noted.
2. Parathyroid cyst: The puncture fluid of non-functional parathyroid cyst is a colorless and transparent slurry of water, while the puncture fluid of thyroid cyst is mostly brown and sticky.
3. Cystic changes of parathyroid adenoma: identified by serum calcium concentration and serum parathyroid hormone.
