Vulvar hemangioma
Introduction
Introduction to vulvar hemangioma Vulvar aneurysm is a hamartoma rather than a true tumor. It is a benign tumor composed of numerous capillaries or cavernous blood vessels. Vulvar vasodilator hemangioma and cavernous hemangioma are congenital diseases. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.2% Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hemangioma
Cause
Vulvar aneurysm etiology
(1) Causes of the disease
Vulvar aneurysm originates from the mesoderm. Like the hemangioma in other parts of the body, it develops from congenital pigmented nevus. The cavernous hemangioma is formed by intradermal and subcutaneous vascular proliferation. The basis of angiogenesis may be related to capillary angiogenesis. It is related to the expansion of blood vessels.
(two) pathogenesis
Capillary hemangioma
(Vascular sputum, strawberry hemangioma) In the dermis, the capillaries proliferate, the vascular endothelial cells are obviously proliferated, and the endothelial cells are large and multi-layered. Some areas have solid cords or clumps, and the lumen is narrow.
2. Cavernous hemangioma
There are many blood vessels or cavities, which are dilated and irregular in shape. Sometimes there are thrombus formations. The wall of the tube is lined with a single layer of flat endothelial cells, and the periphery is surrounded by fibrous tissue of different thickness.
3. Port wine stains
On the dermis, the middle part of the cluster expands the capillaries and mature endothelial cells, but the vascular endothelial cells do not proliferate, surrounded by loose collagen fibers.
4. Vascular keratinoma
A group of diseases characterized by superficial dermal dilatation and keratosis. The epidermis is verrucous hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, dermal papilla and papillary capillaries, dilatation, lining a layer of endothelial cells, cavity Filled with red blood cells, partially dilated capillaries are surrounded by a downwardly extending epidermis, and some localized types may be associated with capillary hemangioma or cavernous hemangioma in the deep dermis.
Prevention
Vulvar hemangioma prevention
It is a congenital disease, and it should be well-prevented for the prevention and treatment of hemangioma that occurs in the urethra or vestibular area.
Complication
Vulvar hemangioma complications Complications
Deep tissue or viscera with hemangioma.
Symptom
Vulvar aneurysm symptoms Common symptoms Nodular papules vasospasm
Capillary hemangioma
Also known as strawberry hemangioma, simple hemangioma or strawberry-like sputum, looks like strawberry-like, convex, red, soft texture, tumor diameter ranging from a few millimeters to several centimeters, this type of hemangioma can be born at birth Or a few weeks after birth, the tumor grows rapidly in the first few months, can increase to a few centimeters, but after several years there is a natural tendency to regress, the damage often appears as one or several, bright red lobulated masses, The surface is not flat like a strawberry, the texture is soft, and the pressure is not easy to fade. The deep part of this type of tumor can be complicated by cavernous hemangioma.
2. Cavernous hemangioma
Generally, it is asymptomatic. The larger vulva can be swollen. The surface skin can also be bleeding due to ulceration. If ulceration can cause pain and hemorrhage, if the tumor grows rapidly, ulcer bleeding and infection should occur, and it should be actively treated. Cavernous hemangioma It appears in the months after birth and may gradually increase. It grows rapidly. It can be static, degenerate or disappear at around 2 years old. It grows slowly in adults and rarely fades naturally. The tumor is dark purple, with clear boundaries, and fades and relaxes. After recovery, the shape of the tumor is irregular, the surface of the skin is normal, and the size of the tumor varies.
3. Vascular keratinoma
The appearance of the tumor may be lobulated, papular, or irregularly shaped, and may be fused to each other when mixed, and the color may be dark red, bright red, brown, blue, or even black, and the size is 1 to 10 cm, often no Symptoms, sometimes ulcers, bleeding.
4. Senile hemangioma
Usually 1 to 3 mm in diameter, dark red, soft, nodular, slightly higher than the skin.
Examine
Examination of vulvar hemangioma
Fine needle aspiration blood test, vaginal secretion examination, tumor marker examination.
Colposcopy, histopathological examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of vulvar hemangioma
diagnosis
For bright red patches that occur at birth or several weeks after birth, strawberry-like lobular soft masses or large irregular soft and elastic masses should be considered for the diagnosis of a certain type of cutaneous hemangioma, in the labia majora or Small red blood vessels or purple blue, red spongy mass, no pedicle, oppressed mass, red can be regressed after returning to the original state, the swollen material is soft, the boundary is not clear, according to the subcutaneous or intradermal Clinical performance is not difficult to diagnose.
Differential diagnosis
1. Identification of capillary hemangioma and vascular keratomas
Capillary hemangioma is single or several, bright red or blue-purple, higher than the leather surface, rounded up, 2 ~ 4cm in diameter, lobulated on the surface, strawberry-like, soft, fading, clinical and vascular keratin The tumor is easy to identify.
2. Identification of senile hemangioma and vascular keratomas
Common in middle-aged and elderly people, scattered in bright red or cherry red pimples, showing a hemispherical hemisphere, soft, so it is not difficult to identify with vascular keratomas.
3. Angiography of vascular keratomas and vascular leiomyoma, Koposi sarcoma, angiofibroma and angiolipoma
According to bright red or purple red keratinized papules, some verrucous hyperplasia, histopathology shows that the dermal papilla and papillary capillaries increase, dilatation, general diagnosis of vascular keratinoma is not difficult, but should also be associated with strawberry hemangioma, senile blood vessels Tumor identification.
4. It should be noted that subcutaneous hemorrhagic nodules and choriocarcinoma metastasis should be differentiated from hemangioma
(1) subcutaneous hemorrhoid nodules: no fading when acupressure, can extract old blood, contains other components, the color of the hemangioma finger pressure disappears or becomes shallow, can pump out blood.
(2) choriocarcinoma metastatic nodules: history of choriocarcinoma or history of abortion in recent years, blood, urine HCG positive, chest X-ray visible metastatic lesions, choriocarcinoma with vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain and other clinical symptoms, and blood -villi The gonadotropin value was abnormally elevated. The histological examination of the lesion showed cytotrophoblastic cells and syncytiotrophoblastic hyperplasia and hemorrhagic necrosis, and no villus structure.
5. Sometimes it is necessary to identify with pigmented nevus.
