anorexia in adolescence
Introduction
Introduction to adolescent anorexia Adolescent anorexia refers to anorexia during adolescence. This kind of anorexia is not caused by disease, nor is it usually called "bad appetite", but due to mental factors, it is a category of anorexia nervosa. The whole process can be roughly divided into two stages: initially, not interested in food, and later, a neurotic vomiting reaction to foodthe food vomits as soon as the throat is swallowed, and the food will vomit when it is severe. Because the cause of this anorexia is a mental factor, it is caused by a misconception of thought, and this concept is very stubborn and difficult to change. Therefore, a psychiatrist is required to perform specialized treatment. However, the best way is to prevent it. Should establish a correct bodybuilding concept, in the pursuit of beauty under the premise of health, there will be no adolescent anorexia. Surgical treatment is mainly aimed at patients with refractory psychosis. It is popularly referred to as patients with poor therapeutic effects such as drugs, electroshocks, and psychology, or the side effects are too serious after taking the drug, and the patients cannot tolerate it. The other is that the patient's medication compliance is very poor, unwilling to take the medicine, can not guarantee the systemicity of drug treatment. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: malnutrition
Cause
Causes of adolescent anorexia
Mental factors (50%):
I think that I am too fat, I must limit my diet, or think that the thinner and more beautiful, the more I appreciate and hope to keep the body thin, so I am bored with food, and even vomit when I see the food, so that my weight drops sharply. Light weight loss, malnutrition, amenorrhea, decreased resistance, severe systemic dysfunction, bradycardia, bedridden, need to be sent to hospital for treatment. If the body weight drops to 35% to 40% before the illness, the heart muscle changes and may suddenly die.
Because the cause of this anorexia is a mental factor, it is caused by a misconception of thought, and this concept is very stubborn and difficult to change. Therefore, a psychiatrist is required to perform specialized treatment. However, the best way is to prevent it. Should establish a correct bodybuilding concept, in the pursuit of beauty under the premise of health, there will be no adolescent anorexia.
Prevention
Adolescent anorexia prevention
Proper education during adolescence. Avoid mental behavior and psychological factors that cause illness.
First of all, we should establish a correct aesthetic. Clinical statistics show that the majority of adolescent anorexia is caused by the patient's excessive attention to his body, fear of being too fat and too full, causing others to talk and ridicule, and taking negative diet to lose weight. As long as we have established the correct aesthetics, whether fat or thin, beautiful and ugly, we can convince ourselves to recognize our own value, and we can refuse to eat the disease.
Understanding the developmental characteristics of adolescence and clarifying the causes of weight gain are also crucial. After entering puberty, a series of physiological changes will occur in boys and girls. Girls are bloated due to accumulation of subcutaneous fat, chest uplift, waist and hips, which is a normal physiological phenomenon, with further development and appropriate Physical exercise, these excess fat will be eliminated, and people will gradually become slim.
Enhancing physical exercise and accelerating fat consumption is one of the ways to lose weight. In addition, if you devote yourself to learning, or cultivate a wide range of interests, participate in beneficial activities, you can also divert your attention and reduce your attention to your body to prevent and treat adolescent anorexia.
Complication
Adolescent anorexia complications Complications malnutrition
Patients suffer from malnutrition due to long-term excessive dieting, thus affecting physiological changes. At the same time, because the patient lacks fat, it is easy to get cold and chills. If the condition is serious, it can lead to heart failure and even death.
Nutritional deficiencies, growth disorders, decreased resistance, and often complicated by various infectious diseases.
Symptom
Symptoms of adolescent anorexia common symptoms emotional anorexia anorexia anorexia weight loss weight loss nausea and vomiting adolescent body development slow
symptom
1. Some patients feel good appetite, but after eating a few mouthfuls, they feel that the stomach is full of discomfort and stop eating, or they don't want to eat when they see food. Such as forced eating, often induced nausea and vomiting; some patients even try to induce a spit as soon as possible.
2, the patient pays too much attention to diet and worry about getting fat, but actively refuses to eat or over-diet, causing weight loss and malnutrition.
3, patients have a feeling of hunger, but forced themselves not to eat. They are good at studying the nutrition and calories of food; hiding or deliberately wasting food. About 50% of anorexia patients with bulimia, after gluttony, they induce vomiting, taking diet pills, laxatives, etc., or large-volume activities, lest they gain weight, leading to water and electrolyte disorders (hypokalemia, hypokalemia, etc.) ) and acid-base balance disorders (metabolic alkalosis).
Physiological performance
1, the body weight decreased significantly, edema; lack of fat in the body, easy to chill, chills; abnormal hormone levels in the body, resulting in hair thinning or excessive body hair.
2, heart function decline, slow heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate disorders, leading to sudden death; decreased blood flow, insufficient blood supply to the cerebral blood vessels, easy to cause syncope.
3, women reduce menstruation or stop, both men and women have a lack of sexual desire.
4, patients may also have other symptoms of neurosis, such as snoring ball, upper abdominal fullness discomfort, unexplained fatigue, lack of interest in sexual desire and insomnia.
5, patients are often accompanied by personality changes, such as depression, anxiety, moodiness, forced or repeated doing something; often lying, concealing their eating habits.
6, the skin becomes rough and dry, pilose appearance, body temperature decline, slow heartbeat, weak body, dehydration, pale face.
Examine
Examination of adolescent anorexia
Can do the following related checks:
Electrocardiogram: Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is a technique that uses an electrocardiograph to record changes in electrical activity generated by each cardiac cycle of the heart from the body surface.
Blood routine: Blood routine is the most common and basic blood test. Blood consists of two major parts, fluid and tangible cells, which are routinely tested for blood.
Other tests: blood electrolyte examination, two-dimensional echocardiography, urine routine, routine.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of adolescent anorexia
Need to be differentiated from secondary amenorrhea, eating disorders, nutritional disorders, etc.:
1 Weight loss, extreme weight loss, malnutrition, women with secondary amenorrhea.
2 eating disorders manifested as anorexia with intermittent bulimia, binge eating, post-prandial vomiting.
3 Patients with nutritional disorders are accompanied by dysphoria, anxiety and irritability.
