heat stroke
Introduction
Introduction to heat radiation Heat-induced disease refers to the imbalance of body temperature regulation caused by high temperature, and excessive accumulation of heat in the body, thereby causing damage to nerve organs. The disease usually occurs during high temperatures in summer accompanied by high humidity. In the case of high temperature weather, once there is sweating and sorrow, pay attention to cooling. If there is a coma in a high temperature, the comatose should be immediately placed in a cool and ventilated place, and the cold water should be poured to reduce the body temperature of the coma. Then, the body temperature should be continuously monitored. If the high fever is too low at 40 °C, it should be sent immediately. The hospital is undergoing liquid resuscitation treatment, and it is not necessary to treat the general heatstroke and delay the treatment time. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the summer incidence rate is about 0.1%-0.2%, more common in high temperature working people Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: coma
Cause
Cause of heat radiation
Body factor (40%):
Because the sweltering heat will reduce the heat dissipation function of the human skin, and the infrared rays and ultraviolet rays can penetrate the skin and reach the deep layer of the muscle. The heat in the body cannot be diverged. At this time, the heat is concentrated in the organs and muscle tissues, causing dry skin and elevated muscle temperature. Causes sweat to come out, which in turn hurts the central nervous system. In turn, it affects the function of various organs and tissues of the whole body. The patient has local muscle spasm, high fever, no sweat, dry mouth, coma, high blood pressure, cough, asthma, dyspnea, and even respiratory failure. It is the most serious type of heatstroke. .
Environmental factors (50%):
Physical or non-physical activities under high temperature conditions can cause this severe heat stroke. If not treated properly and timely, the mortality rate is as high as 40% to 50%.
Other factors (10%):
Improper immunity, excessive wear in high temperature environments, resulting in poor heat dissipation.
Prevention
Heat radiation prevention
1. Early symptoms appear and evacuate from the high temperature site in time.
2, to avoid high temperature, poor ventilation, strong physical labor, to avoid wearing non-breathable clothes, eating salty drinks to continuously replenish the loss of water and electrolytes.
3. When work at high temperatures cannot be avoided, it is necessary to improve working conditions, strengthen protective measures, and replenish lost water and salt as much as possible.
4. Those who are prone to susceptibility should avoid working at high temperatures.
Complication
Heatstroke complications Complications
Causes high temperature, coma, organ damage and even life-threatening.
Symptom
Heatstroke symptoms Common symptoms High fever sweating abnormal dehydration heat coma respiratory failure
The patient developed high fever, no sweat, dry mouth, coma, elevated blood pressure, respiratory failure, etc., body temperature reached 40 degrees Celsius or above, dry skin without sweat, mental disorder, organ failure and so on.
Examine
Heatstroke examination
The heat-shooting disease is mainly for routine examination in the emergency department. A high degree of disturbance of consciousness occurs, body temperature rises above 40 ° C, sweat does not noticeably, and the skin is dry.
Symptoms and signs: sweating, convulsions, local muscle spasms, high fever, no sweat, dry mouth, coma, elevated blood pressure, cough, asthma, difficulty breathing, and even respiratory failure, is the most serious type of heatstroke .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of heat radiation
diagnosis
The sunstroke is only related to direct sunlight. When exercising on the beach, hiking or on a hot summer day, due to exposure to the sun for too long, lack of protection on the head, sudden high fever, tinnitus, nausea, headache, vomiting, lethargy, and fear of light stimulation, this is a solar radiation disease. . Severe heatstroke can also kill, don't be careless, and should be treated urgently.
Differential diagnosis
Should be identified with the following diseases:
Sunstroke: only related to direct sunlight. When exercising on the beach, hiking or on a hot summer day, due to exposure to the sun for too long, lack of protection on the head, sudden high fever, tinnitus, nausea, headache, vomiting, lethargy, and fear of light stimulation, this is a solar radiation disease. . Serious sun sickness can also kill, do not carelessly, should be taken urgently.
Symptoms: A high degree of disturbance of consciousness occurs, body temperature rises above 40 ° C, sweat does not noticeably, and the skin is dry.
Treatment: Emergency admission and cooling therapy as soon as possible.
Heat syncope: wake up in the case of direct sunlight for a long time. Dehydration due to sweating and expansion of the terminal blood vessels result in a decrease in blood circulation throughout the body.
Symptoms: Consciousness disappears suddenly. The body temperature is higher than usual, and the sweat is obviously sweating, and the pulse appears Xu.
Treatment: Infusion and cooling therapy.
Heat exhaustion: The replenishment of water and salt does not catch up with a lot of sweating, which occurs when dehydration symptoms occur.
Symptoms: There are various symptoms, such as rectal temperature rising to 39 ° C, cold skin, marked sweating, and so on.
Treatment: Infusion and cooling therapy.
Heat cramps: When a large amount of sweat is applied, only water is added, and salt and minerals are insufficient.
Symptoms: Sudden painful cramps and hard and straight. The body temperature is higher than usual and sweats obviously.
Treatment: Oral injection of saline.
