rat bite fever
Introduction
Introduction to rat bite heat Ratbitefever is an acute infectious disease caused by bites in house mice and other rodents. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: Infected by rodents, infected by contaminated milk and food Complications: endocarditis nephritis meningitis hepatitis
Cause
Rat bite fever cause
Cause:
The pathogens are spirillum minus and streptobacilus moniliformis. The former is transmitted by rodents, such as rats, cats, squirrels, pigs, etc. Experimental rats can also cause infection, the latter Infected by the above animals, it can also be transmitted by contaminated milk and food.
Pathogenesis:
The pathogens are spirillum minus and streptobacilus moniliformis. The former is transmitted by rodents and can be infected by contaminated milk and food. The streptotype has a short incubation period of 10 days. , chills, 2 to 4 days after the emergence of a general measles-like rash, can involve palm sputum, small spirulina type incubation period is longer, about 1 to 4 weeks, sudden high fever, chills, bite parts inflammation, ulcers, lymphatic vessels can occur Inflammation, the skin lesions start from erythema, more common in the abdomen, like rose rash, enlarged, purple-red, forming hard plaques.
Prevention
Rat bite heat prevention
Control mouse density and perform rodent control in due course. A 25- to 30-centimeter threshold or anti-rat plate is installed in the room access door to prevent rats from entering the room.
Prevent bites by rats or other animals. The laboratory staff who are in contact with the rats should pay attention to protection and wear gloves. In case of being bitten, in addition to topical treatment, penicillin should be injected immediately. Daily adult 1.2 million U, children 800,000 U, 3 days of treatment.
Complication
Rat bite heat complications Complications, endocarditis, nephritis, meningitis, hepatitis
There may be complications such as endocarditis, nephritis, meningitis, and hepatitis.
Symptom
Rat bite heat symptoms common symptoms meningitis inflammation rose pleural effusion high fever chills freckle joint pain
Fever, rash and systemic symptoms are the two manifestations.
1. Streptococcal type incubation period is short, usually 10 days, first fever, chills, 2 to 4 days after the emergence of a general measles-like rash, may involve palmar, can also be ecchymosis, joint pain, pleural effusion can occur Endocarditis, pneumonia and septic infarction can also occur, and 10% of untreated patients can die of the disease.
2. Small spirulina type incubation period is longer, about 1 to 4 weeks, sudden high fever, chills, bite parts inflammation, ulcers, lymphangitis can occur, skin lesions start from erythema, more common in the abdomen, like rose rash, enlarge It is purple-red, forming hard plaques, rare arthritis, and may have complications such as endocarditis, nephritis, meningitis, hepatitis, etc., 6% of patients can be killed without treatment.
Examine
Rat bite heat check
Leukocytosis, (15 ~ 30) × 10 9 / L, eosinophils can also increase, some patients with false positive VDRL, can be used for blood or joint pumping culture of streptococci, can be used to inoculate animals with blood, Wright stain, dark Visual field inspection to detect small snails.
Diagnosis
Rat bite fever diagnosis
According to the history of rat bites, fever, rash and systemic symptoms as well as auxiliary examination, diagnosis is not difficult.
But sometimes it needs to be identified with erysipelas, purulent cellulitis, viral rash, coccidiosis, meningococcalemia and Los Angeles.
