reproductive tract tumor
Introduction
Introduction to genital tumors Genitaltract tumors, the most common skin metastatic cancers in women originating from the genital tract are the ovaries (4%), the endometrium (4%) and the cervix (2%). The pelvic region and the umbilicus of the trunk are the main sites of metastatic cancer of these skins, usually choriocarcinoma of the gestational stage tumor. It is not uncommon to transfer metastatic cancer to the skin. The male primary tumor is the prostate, and its skin metastasis is less than 1%, which is common in the pelvic region. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005%-0.007% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: genital tumor tumor skin metastasis
Cause
Reproductive tract tumor cause
(1) Causes of the disease
The cause is still unknown.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is still unclear.
Prevention
Reproductive tract tumor prevention
Female genitalia from the vulva to the fallopian tubes and ovaries, the most common are cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, uterine fibroids, uterine body cancer, ovarian tumors, choriocarcinoma and vulvar cancer. Most patients have early symptoms, and everyone should pay more attention to their physical changes. The best way to find a gynecological tumor is to go to the hospital every year for routine gynecological examinations and cytological and pathological examinations according to doctor's advice. Because early detection and early diagnosis are very important to cure the life of the tumor.
Complication
Reproductive tract tumor complications Complications, genital tumor, skin metastasis
Can be complicated by genital tumor tumor skin transfer.
Symptom
Symptoms of genital tract tumors Common symptoms Inflammatory cell infiltration of herpes skin metastasis without sweat gland ductal keratin... Nodules
Skin metastases from the ovary, endometrium, and cervix, usually one or more skin-colored nodules, occurring on normal skin or scars on the incision. Occasionally, ovarian metastatic cancer is erysipelas-like, skin metastatic prostate cancer It is usually a flesh-colored or purple nodule, and in some cases metastatic skin cancer resembles pyoderma or has a herpes zoster-like appearance due to growth along the nerve sheath.
Aura symptoms of genital tract tumors
An abnormal mass has appeared:
Can grow in any part of the reproductive organs. The genital mass, some ovarian masses, and large uterine masses can be touched by the patient himself, which is usually discovered by chance. Some of these swollen substances are hard, some are soft, the activity can be large or small, the shape is mostly round or irregular, and the growth speed can be fast or slow. These tumors are an abnormal phenomenon even if they have no symptoms, and most of them are tumors.
Vaginal abnormal secretions:
Under normal circumstances, the endometrium, endocervix secretions and vaginal exudate form vaginal discharge, generally not much, and with the menstrual cycle changes. When a tumor occurs in the female genital tract, the tumor appears necrotic and ruptured, and watery, bloody, and rice-like vaginal discharge may occur. If there is an infection, it may have an odor. Abnormal leucorrhea may be a manifestation of cervical cancer, endometrial cancer or fallopian tube cancer.
Menstrual changes:
The periodic shedding of the endometrium forms menstruation. Under normal circumstances, the menstrual cycle is regular and the amount of bleeding is moderate.
When the uterus grows tumors such as uterine fibroids, endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, and choriocarcinoma, abnormal menstruation may occur, including excessive menstrual flow, disordered periodicity, prolonged menstruation, and bleeding. Certain tumors of the ovary, such as granulosa cell tumors and ovarian granulosa cell tumors, can secrete estrogen, interfere with the menstrual cycle, and can also cause menstrual abnormalities.
Postmenopausal bleeding:
With the increase of age, generally around the age of 50, amenorrhea will occur due to the decline of endocrine function. In the first year of amenorrhea, occasional vaginal bleeding occurs occasionally. If there is vaginal bleeding after more than one year of menopause, it is called postmenopausal bleeding. There are many causes of postmenopausal bleeding. In most cases, it is caused by benign diseases, but the possibility of cervical cancer and endometrial cancer must not be ignored.
Abdominal pain :
Ovarian tumors are torsion, rupture or infection, uterine fibroids to the cervix or fibroids degeneration, can cause more severe lower abdominal pain. Most of the obvious abdominal pain in malignant tumors has progressed to advanced stage.
Change in urine and urine:
The initial manifestations of ovarian cancer may only have gastrointestinal symptoms. When the tumor is compressed or invaded the bladder or rectum, it may cause frequent urination, difficulty urinating, and dry stool.
When the above symptoms occur, the patient should seek medical attention in time, and should not be relaxed due to the mild tolerance of the symptoms and delay treatment. Of course, the above symptoms are not that you have a malignant tumor, you don't have to panic, what you have to do is to diagnose and treat in time.
Examine
Examination of genital tract tumors
Histopathology:
Metastatic ovarian tumors are usually moderate to well differentiated adenocarcinomas, often accompanied by papillary appearance and sand tumors, the latter being small lamellar calcified globules, metastatic endometrial cancer showing adenocarcinoma appearance, performance For solid glandular structures, skin metastases from the cervix are usually poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, which are nourished by cytotrophoblasts (dual-cell cells with vacuolated nuclei and lightly stained cytoplasm) and syncytium Layer (large cells with irregular nuclei and basophilic cytoplasm), clustered cytotrophoblasts surrounded by flaky and cord-like syncytiotrophoblasts, forming a plexiform appearance resembling villi, prostate skin metastases usually Clusters and adult adenocarcinoma cells (rarely formed glands) that are poorly differentiated are infiltrated in the bundle of collagen fibers and have significant pro-epidermal properties.
Special staining and immunohistochemistry:
Ovarian adenocarcinoma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is positive, but the giant cystic disease liquid protein (GCDFP-15) is negative, which is helpful for identification with breast cancer. Choriocarcinoma is associated with high levels of circulating chorionic gonadotropin. In the urine, metastatic prostate cancer prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase were positive.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of reproductive tract tumors
diagnosis
According to clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed. The following points should be noted:
1. Clinically short-term (6 to 12 months) rapid growth of tumor nodules, distributed in the vicinity of the primary tumor surgery area or the corresponding lymphatic drainage area, and its histopathological morphology is similar to the primary tumor, especially When it is characterized by multiple or multifocal tumors, it should be considered as metastatic cancer of the skin.
2. Tumor plugs are found in the skin or subcutaneous fat vessels or lymphatic vessels. The distribution configuration of the cancer is narrow and trapezoidal at the bottom, generally not connected with the epidermis, there is very little inflammatory cell infiltration around the tumor cells, and no sweat gland ductal keratin membrane Differentiation, etc., are often characteristic of metastatic skin tumors.
3. It is helpful to distinguish by means of immunohistochemical markers. For example, the tumor originated from the sweat gland-derived tumor is positive for GCDFP-15, while the tumors of the prostate and thyroid metastasized to the skin are positive for PSA and TG, respectively. In addition, metastatic skin in the umbilical cord Nodules must be excluded from endometriosis or implanted nodules, and should also be distinguished from yolk sac or urinary tract embryo residues.
Differential diagnosis
Ovarian metastases are differentiated from erysipelas, skin metastatic prostate cancer and pyoderma, herpes zoster.
