Renal arteriovenous fistula
Introduction
Introduction to renal arteriovenous fistula Renal arteriovenous fistula is rare. There are many traffic branches between the renal artery and the vein trunk or the main segment, such as varicose veins and arteriovenous fistula. One is congenital, the other is acquired, and the latter accounts for less than 25. % of patients. Acquired arteriovenous fistula can be secondary to trauma, arteriosclerosis, tumor and renal biopsy. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: congenital heart disease
Cause
Causes of renal arteriovenous fistula
(1) Causes of the disease
It is generally believed that the formation may occur at birth or the aneurysm invades the adjacent vein and gradually increases.
(two) pathogenesis
The exact mechanism is still unclear. The pathophysiological changes are mainly due to the fact that the blood flow of the arteries does not pass through the renal parenchyma and directly enters the vein and returns to the heart.
Prevention
Renal arteriovenous fistula prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Renal arteriovenous fistula complications Complications congenital heart disease
50% of cases are associated with congenital heart disease.
Symptom
Symptoms of renal arteriovenous fistula Common symptoms The wound forms a stroke... Hypertensive vascular murmur proteinuria action-like wall hematuria
According to the size of arteriovenous fistula, there may be local and systemic manifestations, clinical audible and vascular murmur, while the relative decrease of renal parenchymal blood perfusion causes distal ischemic and renin-dependent hypertension, and on the other hand due to venous return Increase, peripheral resistance decreased, cardiac output increased to cause hypertrophy of left ventricular hyperplasia, and ultimately lead to heart failure, because arteriovenous fistula is often located near the collection system, so about 75% of patients may have gross hematuria.
Examine
Examination of renal arteriovenous fistula
Secretory urography may show partial or complete renal failure, sometimes an irregular filling defect, or distortion of the kidney, distal obstruction, Doppler ultrasound is more accurate Without damage, digital subtraction angiography is the most effective and intuitive means of diagnosing the disease.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal arteriovenous fistula
Clinically, according to hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension and vascular murmurs in the upper abdomen or kidney, combined with imaging examination can confirm the diagnosis.
