lack of breasts
Introduction
Introduction to breast deficiency Absence of breasts is a congenital breast malformation caused by abnormal embryogenesis, which is rare in clinical practice. Because it is often accompanied by hypoplasia or lack of thoracic tissue, it is also called Poland syndrome, which occurs mostly in women and has certain hereditary nature. Breast reconstruction is the main treatment. basic knowledge Proportion of the disease: the prevalence rate of female population is 0.1% Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: acute mastitis
Cause
Cause of breast deficiency
(1) Causes of the disease
The reason may be due to the development of the mammary gland embryo, and some reasons cause the breast atrophy and degeneration to be caused by a pair of primordia on the chest.
(two) pathogenesis
At the 6th week of human embryo (4mm embryo length), the mammary gland formed on both sides. At the 9th week (the embryo length is 26mm), the mammary gland disappeared completely. Only at the primordial base of the chest, the primitive nipple buds were formed by a group of basal cells. In the epithelial bulge, a part of the upper cells differentiates into the squamous epithelium, and the germ cells around the papilla bud continue to proliferate. At the end of the third month of the embryo (the embryo length is 54-78 mm), the original papillary basal cells form the original mammary buds. ), 15 to 20 solid cell cords are formed, which constitute the base of the lactiferous duct. The embryo begins to form the lobular buds of the breast at the 6th month, and the female begins to form the terminal milk duct and acinus at the puberty after birth. During the development of the embryo, there is no original papillary bud or primitive mammary bud formation in the chest area, and there is no breast after birth, which becomes a deficiency of congenital breast.
Prevention
Breast deficiency prevention
Try to avoid harmful factors in the first trimester, quit smoking and alcohol, avoid staying in crowded, airy, noisy places for a long time, prevent infection and fever, use drugs with caution, avoid poisonous and harmful working environment, pay special attention to protect the normal life of the "formation period" fetus. Development, natural abortion without inducement should go with the flow, do not blindly protect the fetus, make a first step for a healthy and intelligent baby.
Complication
Breast deficiency complications Complications acute mastitis
Affecting women's unique sexual characteristics.
Breast lacks complications of reconstruction:
1. Skin flap, myocutaneous flap, and mammary gland flap necrosis.
2, hematoma.
3. Infection.
4, after the breast reconstruction, the sides are asymmetrical, the shape is not beautiful.
5, abdominal wall spasm, scar hyperplasia, reconstruction of breast fibrosis. Postoperative care In addition to general surgical care, an elastic bra should be worn within 3 months after surgery to fix the breast and shape the breast. It can also reduce the incision tension and prevent the sagging deformation of the reconstructed breast.
Symptom
Breast Deficiency Symptoms Common Symptoms Chest and Abdominal Deformity Chest Wall Collapse Ribs and Sternal Suction... Adolescent Chest Development Slow
Breast deficiency is manifested as a lack of one breast, and there are fewer patients on both sides. It has been reported in the literature that the breast deficiency is familial, and the child can be ill, and may also be associated with ipsilateral shoulder, chest and upper limb development defects. Such as pectoralis major, sternum, ribs, and the corresponding part of the chest wall are flat, even depressed, breast deficiency can also occur in patients with obesity diabetes apical mesoderm dysplasia complex genetic defects, in these patients, In addition to breast developmental malformations, it is also accompanied by defects in bone and kidney development, tooth dysplasia, and breast defects, in addition to affecting breastfeeding, affect female-specific sexual characteristics.
Examine
Breast deficiency examination
Take a picture of the chest. On the basis of no trauma, according to the patient's history of no breast disease and trauma, chest muscles and/or dysplasia, one side of the breast or both breasts can be diagnosed.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of breast deficiency
Identification with breast dysplasia.
Breast dysplasia is a congenital condition, mainly due to the lack of glandular tissue, and the skin is still intact and elastic. Occurring in one side is often associated with dysplasia or absence of pectoralis major. It can also be caused by burns in the breast area before puberty. Both sides may be caused by insensitivity to sex hormones in the mature stage of breast tissue. Nipple development can be normal. The breast is an ectodermal organ that originates from the skin and belongs to the shallow structure of the chest wall. From the age of 12-13, the girl begins to develop and matures to 15-17 years old. Despite the differences in species and ethnicity, roughly the mammary gland is composed of 15-20 glandular leaves. Breast dysplasia is essentially a lack of tissue, so it is advisable to increase the content of the breast, expand the volume, and improve the appearance, so that women can express the unique curvaceous beauty and charm.
