Sarcocystis
Introduction
Introduction to sarcocystosis Sarcosporidiosis is a zoonotic plague caused by Sarcocystis. The human sarcocyst infection has no clinical symptoms, or only a light transient clinical manifestation. Sarcocysts can be human in the final host form, or can be pathogenic in the form of an intermediate host. The human terminal host and pathogenic sarcocysts are known, and one is porcine-human sarcocystis (S. suihominis). The other is S. bovihominis or S. hominis. Because they can be parasitic in the human small intestine, they are also called "human intestinal sarcocysts". Host, a sarcocyst that is prone to parasitism in human muscle tissue, may be various, now collectively referred to as "human muscle sporozoites" (humanmuscularsarcostis), when a person ingests a granulosa cyst and is infected as a terminal host, within the cyst The euphratica escapes and invades the goblet cells of the small intestinal mucosa. After the gametes are reproduced, the spores are regenerated in the lamina propria, and finally mature into oocysts, which are excreted from the body. When people ingest the mature oocysts in the feces discharged from the final host. The human is infected as an intermediate host and has a sporangia in its muscle tissue. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of transmission: spread by parasites Complications: myocarditis
Cause
Cause of sarcocystosis
(1) Causes of the disease
Sarcocysts can be human in the final host form, or can be pathogenic in the form of an intermediate host. The human terminal host and pathogenic sarcocysts are known, and one is porcine-human sarcocystis (S. suihominis). The other is S. bovihominis or S. hominis. Because they can be parasitic in the human small intestine, they are also called "human intestinal sarcocysts". Host, a sarcocyst that is easily parasitic in human muscle tissue, may be various, now collectively referred to as "human muscle sarcocystis" (humanmuscular sarcocystis), when a person ingests the sarcocyst cyst and is infected as a terminal host, in the capsule The euphratica escapes and invades the goblet cells of the small intestine mucosa, undergoes sporozoite reproduction through the gametophyte and then migrates into the lamina propria, and finally develops into mature oocysts, which are excreted from the body, and when humans ingest the mature oocysts in the feces discharged from the terminal host. At the time, the person becomes infected as an intermediate host, and there is a sporangium in his muscle tissue.
(two) pathogenesis
The sarcocysts usually have strong pathogenicity to the intermediate host, and are weak or non-pathogenic to the terminal host. The human infection can cause the human intestinal meat by swallowing the uncooked pork containing the sarcocyst sac. Sporozoites, artificial terminal host; can also cause "human muscle sarcoma disease" caused by food contaminated with oocysts or sporangia, artificial intermediate host, sarcocysts parasitic in the lamina propria of human intestinal mucosa rarely cause Lesions, or only mild inflammation; the sarcocysts that are parasitic in the muscles generally have only slight mechanical stimulation and nutrient absorption when the cystic wall is intact, but the meristocytes and mitogens in the sarcocyst sac In the case of degenerative changes, the liquid contains a highly virulent sarcocystin, which can cause local inflammatory reactions, such as rupture of the sarcoma sac, the reaction is particularly strong, and may be accompanied by allergic reactions, animals Experiments have shown that this toxin resembles bacterial endotoxin, which can cause endotoxin-like shock, elevated body temperature, hemorrhage, edema, and even death. Toxins can also directly inhibit bone growth and release of growth hormone. Growth factors and other regulators, animal growth indirect effects.
Intestinal pathological changes are mild, sometimes mesenteric lymph node edema, necrosis, muscle changes are often dermatomyositis and myositis, muscle tissue can appear punctate hemorrhage, nodular granuloma or myocardial gray lesions, microscopic muscle tissue degeneration, Interstitial fibrosis, striated muscle hemorrhage, lymphocytes, plasma cells and a small amount of eosinophil infiltration, myocardial malnutrition and muscle fiber degeneration.
Prevention
Sarcocystosis prevention
1. Personal food hygiene: Do not eat raw or uncooked pigs and beef. Do not drink drinking water that is not hygienic.
2. Livestock management: Strengthen the management of pigs, beef, sheep and other animals. Handle animal waste to prevent drinking water and food from being contaminated by dogs and cat feces.
Complication
Sarcocystosis complications Complications
The sarcoma in the myocardium causes severe myocarditis.
Symptom
Symptoms of sarcocystosis Common symptoms Diarrhea, bloating, nausea, abdominal pain, fatigue, dizziness
When a person eats raw beef or pork containing live meat sporangia (mature cyst), nausea, bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea may occur in 6-8 hours, and then the symptoms gradually decrease. After 2 days, the above symptoms disappear spontaneously. After 2 weeks, with the peak of a large number of oocysts, abdominal pain, diarrhea, mushy, no pus and respiration, some patients with fatigue, dizziness and eosinophils can be increased.
Examine
Examination of sarcocystosis
Eosinophils can be increased, and the concentration of oocysts can be increased after concentrated stool collection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of sarcocystosis
The diagnosis of this disease requires the detection of mature oocysts from the patient's stool, or the examination of human muscle sporozoites by muscle biopsy.
The disease should be distinguished from toxoplasmosis and trichinosis.
