cutaneous toxoplasmosis
Introduction
Introduction to skin toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis is a natural epidemic disease caused by the toxoplasma (toxoplasma), which has almost all the toxoplasma in places where there are creatures. The toxoplasma is a coccidia that inhabits cells. The infection route has congenital and acquired acquired infections. The human body has innate immunity to the toxoplasma. The clinical manifestations are acute infection symptoms, and severe cases can be fatal. Only a small part of the infected patients have clinical symptoms, most of which are subclinical. The congenital toxoplasmosis rash is mainly caused by blemishes and purpura. In addition to a few severe cases, acquired toxoplasmosis is generally mild and complicated. It has different clinical manifestations in terms of clinically invading organs and tissues. The skin of this disease appears to be non-specific. Treatment of commonly used sulfa drugs, acetylspiramycin, clindamycin, can also be injected into patients with toxoplasma. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: no brain, spina bifida
Cause
Cause of skin toxoplasmosis
(1) Causes of the disease
Toxoplasmosis is a natural epidemic disease caused by the toxoplasma (toxoplasma).
(two) pathogenesis
The human body has congenital immunity to the toxoplasma. After infection, it forms a cyst in the tissue, which is a recessive infection without disease. Once the immune function of the body declines, it shows acute infection symptoms, and only a small part of the infected person has clinical symptoms. Most of them are subclinical, and severe cases can be fatal. In the acute phase of the disease, protozoa can invade various tissues and form granuloma, which leads to necrosis of tissues.
Prevention
Skin toxoplasmosis prevention
The animal host of this disease is very extensive, so it is necessary to manage livestock to prevent pollution of water sources, do not drink raw water, do not eat uncooked meat, dairy products, children do not play with animals such as cats and dogs.
Complication
Complication of skin toxoplasmosis Complications without brain spina bifida
The disease belongs to one of the TORCH infections of pregnant women. Therefore, for pregnant women, the complications are more serious, especially in the first three months of pregnancy, which is a critical period for fetal formation and development. The infection of Toxoplasma can cause the fetal central nervous system. Obstruction of development can cause brainless children and spina bifida. Therefore, women with infection with Toxoplasma gondii, especially those who are pregnant or pregnant, should focus on B-ultrasound monitoring.
Symptom
Symptoms of skin toxoplasmosis Common symptoms Nodular granuloma rash rash rash gangster scarlet fever rash rash congenital toxoplasma purpura
Only a small part of the infected patients have clinical symptoms, most of which are subclinical. The congenital toxoplasmosis rash is mainly caused by blemishes and purpura. In addition to a few severe cases, acquired toxoplasmosis is generally mild and complicated. The skin is characterized by scalp, maculopapular rash on the palm and the sole of the foot, subcutaneous nodules; ring-shaped wheal, papules and even blisters, and rashes can fuse with each other; limbs and trunk can be typhus-like, scarlet-like Skin rash, skin lesions appear more than 1 week after onset, and can be resolved after 2 weeks. In the acute phase of the disease, protozoa can invade various tissues, form granuloma, cause necrosis of tissues, and have different clinical organs and tissues. Different clinical manifestations.
Examine
Examination of skin toxoplasmosis
Agglutination test, complement fixation test, direct fluorescein-labeled antibody test, enzyme-labeled test, radioimmunoassay, toxoplasmin skin test, cerebrospinal fluid or peripheral blood were inoculated into experimental rats, and Giemsa staining found a toxoplasma in the smear.
Pathological changes: Toxoplasma trophozoites or cysts can be found in lesions or autopsy tissues.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of skin toxoplasmosis
The skin of this disease is non-specific, therefore, it is difficult to make an exact diagnosis based on clinical symptoms only, usually through agglutination test, complement binding test, direct fluorescein-labeled antibody test, enzyme-labeled test, radioimmunoassay, toxoplasmin skin Try and wait for it, and inoculate the test rats with lymph nodes, cerebrospinal fluid or peripheral blood, and then find the toxoplasma in the smear with Giemsa staining to confirm the diagnosis.
Clinically, it should be differentiated from typhus, lymphoma, lichen planus, and acute acne-like lichen-like pityriasis.
