vitiligo
Introduction
Introduction to hairy white spots Hairy leukoplakia refers to a hairy white plaque lesion that occurs on the lateral edge of the tongue. It is a common oral mucosal lesion in AIDS patients, also known as oral hairy leukoplakia and oral lingual genital warts. Common among homosexuals, heterosexuals, drug users, hemophiliacs, people who receive blood transfusions and blood products, and HIV-infected sexual partners. High incidence between the ages of 20 and 50. Hairy leukoplakia is an early clinical symptom with a fairly high AIDS specificity, with no symptoms or mild burning pain. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is about 0.002% - 0.004% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: human papillomavirus infection
Cause
Hairy leukoplakia
(1) Causes of the disease
Infected by human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus or human papillomavirus with herpesvirus infection.
(two) pathogenesis
Often occurring in AIDS patients, 78 of the 79 patients with this disease were found to be HIV-positive, so this disease is considered to be a clinical marker for early surveillance of AIDS patients.
Prevention
Hairy leukoplakia prevention
The disease is a viral infectious disease, and there is no relevant vaccine to prevent the disease at present. Therefore, increasing physical exercise and eating more vitamin-rich foods are of great significance for improving resistance. At the same time, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment should be done to reduce the incidence of complications. At the same time, HIV infection can be detected as early as possible to avoid further adverse effects on society and the family.
Complication
Hairy leukoplakia complications Complications Human papillomavirus infection
The disease is currently thought to be caused by human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus or human papillomavirus with herpesvirus infection. It is often caused by AIDS patients. It is found that 78 of the 79 patients with HIV are positive for HIV antibody. The disease is a clinical marker for early monitoring of AIDS patients. Therefore, this disease, which may have been complicated by HIV infection, is caused by a low immune system. At the same time, EB virus and papillomavirus infection can cause liver damage, so the ALT content should be monitored.
Symptom
Hairy leukoplakia symptoms common symptoms vulvar leukoplakia
White patches on the side or sides of the lingual side of the tongue, wrinkled or hairy, slightly elevated, unclear, from a few millimeters to 3.5 × 3cm size, no symptoms, damage can also develop to the back of the tongue or ventral Candida can often be detected clinically, but the damage persists after the disappearance of Candida by antifungal therapy, so the existence of Candida is considered to be secondary.
Examine
Examination of hairy white spots
Histopathological changes: the epidermis is hyperkeratotic, the keratin is prominent on the surface (often similar to hairy), the keratinization is incomplete, the acanthosis is thick, and the upper part of the spinous layer below the parakeratosis is bulky, lightly stained, and nuclear pyknosis. Balloon-like cells, there is little inflammation in the dermis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of hairy leukoplakia
diagnosis
According to clinical manifestations and pathological changes can be diagnosed.
Differential diagnosis
It needs to be differentiated from mucosal leukoplakia, candidiasis, white spongy sputum, oral lichen planus, map tongue and other diseases. The etiology of leukoplakia is usually unclear, and the leukoplakia and surrounding tissues are clearly demarcated, and there is no skin desquamation-like lesion. Oral mucosa infected with candidiasis, also known as thrush, is more common in children, leukoplakia, and antifungal treatment is effective. Map tongue is related to zinc deficiency, and trace elements can be identified.
