telangiectatic annular purpura
Introduction
Introduction to telangiectasia The telangiectasia ring-shaped purpura, also known as the Majocchi purpura, has a ring-shaped hair follicle telangiectasia, which is initially dilated and hemorrhagic around the hair follicle, gradually expanding into a ring shape, and the central remains pigmentation and atrophy. The telangiectasia of various shapes that are initially symmetrically tends to be arranged in a ring shape or a semi-annular shape, and may also be in the form of a line, a striate, a crotch or even a sheet having a diameter of 1 to 3 cm. The telangiectasia is prominent at the edge of the plaque, followed by punctate hemorrhage and pale brown pigmentation in the inner (central) portion, and the number of bleeding points is less than the number of telangiectasia. The plaque lesions can continue to expand eccentrically, and new telangiectasia and bleeding points can appear at the edges. After a certain period of time, the hues of the plaques become pale and brownish. After that, the pigmentation disappeared. Often left a slight skin atrophy, the affected part of the hair can also fall off. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the incidence rate is about 0.001% -0.002%, more common in women Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: pigmented purpuric dermatitis
Cause
Causes of telangiectasia
Cause (75%):
The cause of this disease is unknown, the disease often occurs symmetrically on the side of the calf, the number can be more or less, can also occur in the thigh, forearm, buttocks and trunk, few mucosal lesions, usually no symptoms, and some feel mild itching A small number of patients have neuralgia or rheumatic pain before the rash occurs, and patients have no venous stasis. In some cases, acute onset can occur.
Pathogenesis (5%):
Pathological changes are similar to Schamberg's disease. The main pathological changes are vasodilatation and occlusive endothelium lesions. The surrounding is lymphoid-based small round cell infiltration, red blood cell overflow and varying degrees of edema, hair follicles can be atrophied or degenerated, early nipple Vasodilatation and swelling of endothelial cells, accompanied by lymphocytes, histiocytes and neutral and eosinophil infiltration, hemosiderin in the dermis due to extravasation of red blood cells, atrophy of the epidermis, hypertrophy of the vessel wall, sebaceous glands, sweat glands Can be shrunk.
Prevention
Capillary expansion annular purpura prevention
Prevent possible causes; prevent infection, strengthen exercise, enhance physical fitness, improve autoimmune function, early diagnosis and early treatment.
Caused by a variety of reasons, such as infection, food (milk, eggs, fish and shrimp, etc.), drugs (antibiotics, sulfa drugs, antipyretic analgesics, etc.) and pollen, mosquito bites and so on. In general, 85% of allergic purpura is associated with infection. If you have upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, dental caries, intestinal parasitic diseases, etc., you should promptly treat them, and you should actively search for allergens, which can be detected by biological detectors or by blood. Usually pay attention to avoid contact with these substances that can cause allergies. If it is related to certain foods, it should be fasted. It should be stopped in connection with drugs, and should be avoided in relation to the environment. At the same time as active drug treatment, careful care is very important for the prognosis of this disease.
Complication
Capillary vasospasm Complications, purpura dermatitis
Occasionally there is ulcerative damage. The telangiectasia is prominent at the edge of the plaque, followed by punctate hemorrhage and pale brown pigmentation in the inner (central) portion, and the number of bleeding points is less than the number of telangiectasia. The plaque lesions can continue to expand eccentrically, and new telangiectasia and bleeding points can appear at the edges. After a certain period of time, the hues of the plaques become pale and brownish. After that, the pigmentation disappeared. Often left a slight skin atrophy, the affected part of the hair can also fall off.
Symptom
Capillary dilatation ring purpura symptoms common symptoms itching thigh capillaries obvious neuralgia spotted bleeding
Capillary dilatation of various shapes that occur at the beginning of symmetry is often arranged in a ring shape, semi-annular, or linear, striate, sacral, or even plaque with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm. The telangiectasia is The edge of the plaque is prominent, followed by punctate hemorrhage and pale brown pigmentation in the inner (central), the number of bleeding points is less than the number of telangiectasia, plaque lesions can continue to expand eccentrically, new at the edge Capillary vasodilation and bleeding point, after a certain period of time, the color of the spot becomes light and yellowish brown. After that, the pigmentation disappears, often leaving a slight skin atrophy, and the affected part can also fall off.
The disease often occurs symmetrically on the side of the calf, the number can be more or less, can also occur in the thigh, forearm, buttocks and trunk, few mucosal lesions, usually no symptoms, some feel mild itching, a small number of patients in the rash There is neuralgia or rheumatic pain before the occurrence, and the patient has no venous stasis. In some cases, acute onset may occur.
Examine
Examination of telangiectasia ring purpura
The laboratory tests required for this disease mainly include:
Blood routine examination: blood consists of two major parts, liquid and tangible cells. Blood routinely tests the cellular part of the blood. Blood test used to refer to blood routine examination, which is manually operated and counted under the microscope. It includes red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cell count and its classification, platelet count, etc. There are 10 items in total.
CT examination: liver CT, bile CT, spleen CT.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of telangiectasia
According to the characteristic manifestations of this disease, that is, the small lesions of telangiectasia, hemorrhage, and pigmentation.
Can be distinguished from other purpuric skin diseases. The diseases that cause subcutaneous hemorrhage are collectively referred to as purpura, most of which are allergic purpura caused by vascular disorders, and primary thrombocytopenic purpura caused by thrombocytopenia. The allergic purpura is a systemic acute reaction in an allergic allergic reaction (allergy), and the allergic disease caused by the injection of horse serum to treat diphtheria is similar to the symptoms of this vascular purpura.
