Pseudomonas infection
Introduction
Introduction to Pseudomonas infection Pseudomonas infection is a disease caused by Pseudomonas parasitic humans. Pseudomonas is a Pseudomonas family, including a group of Gram-negative bacilli, which is an opportunistic pathogen that can often cause infections in hospitals. It is widely found in soil, water, dirt and air and grows well on all media. Mainly divided into Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, E. sinensis infection, and snoring. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0012% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: abscess shock septic meningitis pneumonia arthritis
Cause
Pseudomonas infection cause
Causes:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) is a common conditional pathogen in Pseudomonas. When the body's resistance is reduced, entering the body can cause infections in the corresponding parts of the body, such as burns, respiratory tract, and urinary tract. Road, central nervous system, cornea and other infections and sepsis, due to the natural resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, so the treatment is more difficult, the current clinical use of anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa synthetic penicillin and third-generation cephalosporin treatment, horse snot Cytobacteria (Bacillus sinensis) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C. sinensis) can occasionally cause human disease. Bacillus sinensis invades through skin wounds, conjunctiva or respiratory tract, and sputum-like bacilli pass direct contact, respiratory tract, digestive tract or insect bites. A variety of ways to infect the human body, the clinical manifestations of the two are similar, can occur acute lung infection, and localized multiple parts of multiple organ localized infection, lack of effective treatment of nasal discharge, snot can be tested with tetracycline, chloramphenicol, etc. Both patients can get longer-lasting immunity after the disease.
Prevention
Pseudomonas infection prevention
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is widely distributed in nature and spreads in hospitals through various channels; therefore, it is necessary to strictly disinfect instruments and dressings, medical staff and caregivers wash hands frequently, and perform aseptic operations carefully. Patients should be isolated and their dressings should be Burned. At the same time, actively treat the primary disease, remove the predisposing factors. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are multi-valent and monovalent. Both have certain effects on the prevention and treatment of infection. Combined with multi-valent and high-efficiency antiserum, the immunogenicity of the vaccine can be improved. Other chemical vaccines prepared with bacterial components such as endotoxin vaccines and OPE vaccines may also play a role in protecting the same strains. Actively treat the primary disease and shorten the length of hospital stay. The hospital must strictly disinfect the ward, equipment, dressings, medical staff and caregivers to wash hands frequently, perform aseptic operations carefully, and contact the patients with multi-drug resistant bacteria to prevent hospital infection. . Pay attention to personal protection, wash hands frequently, improve the body's immunity, avoid contact with patients with P. aeruginosa infection, and skin wounds should be disinfected in time.
Complication
Pseudomonas infection complications Complications abscess shock septic meningitis pneumonia arthritis
A limbal migratory abscess, ulcerated into a fistula that is difficult to heal. Often accompanied by shock, adult respiratory distress syndrome or DIC.
Concurrent infections: acute lung infections, sepsis, and multiple infections of multiple organs throughout the body.
When the pathogen enters the bloodstream and becomes sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, polyarthritis, and multiple visceral abscesses may occur.
Chronic patients with pulmonary symptoms and metastatic abscess are more common.
Symptom
Pseudomonas infection symptoms common symptoms diarrhea septicemia chest pain fever shortness of breath convulsions children crying
Pseudomonas pyogenes infection
Infection symptoms in various systems and parts, such as burns, respiratory tract, urinary tract, central nervous system, cornea and other infections.
1. Sepsis: manifested as fever, toxic shock, diffuse intravascular coagulation, central gangrenous pustules.
2. Suppurative meningitis: manifested as high fever, vomiting, refusal to eat, crying, and even horror.
3. Respiratory tract infection: The main pathological feature is necrotizing alveolar membrane changes. Can be complicated by abscess, empyema and bronchopleural fistula.
4. Endocarditis: There are three main types of symptoms in the clinic, namely systemic infection symptoms, cardiac symptoms, embolism and vascular symptoms.
5. Digestive tract infections: Newborns can present with diarrhea, fever, vomiting, dehydration, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Patients with tumors with reduced leukocytes may develop abscesses around the rectum.
6. Wound infection after burn: The common symptoms of wound infection are: thick secretions with green or blue-green scent of sweet scent, and most of the pus in green and sweet scent are Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Necrotic spots can be reproduced on infected granulation wounds.
7. Other infections: peritonitis and urinary tract infections, corneal ulcer infections, ophthalmia, otitis externa, brain abscesses, bones, joints and skin.
B. sinensis infection
Most of the incubation period is 4 to 5 days, and there are also months or years. The clinical manifestations are diverse and very similar to the nasal discharge. The disease can be divided into occult infection, asymptomatic pulmonary infiltration, acute local purulent infection, acute lung infection, acute sepsis, chronic suppurative infection and recurrent infection, but there may be overlap between the types, it is difficult to divide. Local suppurative infection manifests as nodule formation at the site of skin damage, lymphadenopathy and lymphangitis in the drainage area, often accompanied by fever and general malaise, and can quickly develop into acute sepsis.
Acute lung infection is the most common type of infection of nasal discharge. It can be primary or blood-borne pneumonia. In addition to high fever and chills, there are cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, etc., and the symptoms are not proportional to the chest signs. This type can also develop into sepsis. The acute sepsis type can be primary or secondary, and is the most serious clinical type of nasal discharge. Some patients often die because of the rapid progress of the disease and even less than rescue.
Bacillus
The disease is mainly prevalent in Southeast Asia, and is rare in other parts of the world. Causes diversification of human diseases, from asymptomatic to acute toxic pneumonia or lethal sepsis.
Check diagnosis: blood, cerebrospinal fluid and other secretions, excretions, positive pathogens, can be diagnosed.
Examine
Pseudomonas infection check
Blood pathogen examination, cerebrospinal fluid and other secretions, excreta pathogen test positive.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria microscopy
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a slender Gram-negative bacillus, about 1.3-3.0 m long and about 0.5 m wide. It is usually pleomorphic and has no spores in static culture. Flagella, the movement is extremely active. A variety of water-soluble pigments can be produced, in which the pus can be turned into a green pus pigment.
Sputum secretion of B. sinensis
Gram-negative B. sphaeroides can be found, and if it is colored with Lu's alkaline blue, the cells are dyed in alternating shades.
Serum-like serology
Indirect hemagglutination test or complement fixation test with heat-resistant polysaccharide antigen or nasosin is often strongly positive in the acute phase, and 90% of patients can be positive in 2 to 5 weeks.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of Pseudomonas infection
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
It is differentiated from infections such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Staphylococcus aureus infection: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen in human purulent infection, can cause localized purulent infection, can also cause pneumonia, pseudomembranous colitis, pericarditis, and even systemic infections such as sepsis and sepsis.
Enterobacter infection: including a large group of Gram-negative Bacillus sp., some of which are pathogenic bacteria, such as: Salmonella, Shigella, etc.; and most of the normal intestinal flora, under certain conditions Can cause disease, it is called conditional pathogens.
Klebsiella pneumoniae infection: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important nosocomial infection pathogen. It has been reported that Klebsiella pneumoniae ranks second among Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens, second only to the chloroplast cell. Bacteria; sputum specimens are the most, followed by urinary.
Bacterial identification: culture positive, and biochemical identification of Pseudomonas can be diagnosed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the selection medium and produce pus pigment, if there is no pigment or on the identification medium Gram-negative bacilli fermenting lactose or glucose can be further identified by pigment identification.
The main identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas is glucose oxidative decomposition, oxidase, arginine double hydrolysis, acetamidase, gluconic acid oxidation, nitrate reduction ammonia production test are positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis patients urine In the presence of copper-green proteinuria, the patient's urine is adjusted to be acidic, alkaline, and neutral, and is placed in the dark room with ultraviolet light, and if there is abuminuria, pale green fluorescence occurs.
