ruptured ovarian tumor
Introduction
Introduction to ovarian tumor rupture The ovary is generally solid in texture, but in pathological conditions, there may be different texture changes, such as the formation of non-neoplastic cysts, proliferative or tumor-like lesions and various tumors. The changed ovary can be ruptured under certain conditions, and both benign or malignant rupture can occur in ovarian tumors. Ovarian tumor caused by rupture of the follicular membrane, can not quickly stop bleeding or blood does not coagulate and blood clots fall off or ovarian sac fluid overflow, etc., severe cases can cause massive bleeding in the abdominal cavity. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: teratoma
Cause
Ovarian tumor rupture etiology
Causes:
The causes of rupture of ovarian tumors can be divided into the following: 1. Both rupture and perforation have different meanings. The former refers to the tumor bursting or being squeezed, and the contents overflow into the abdominal cavity; the latter refers to the aggressiveness of the tumor contents. Growing into the abdominal cavity, the clinician is confused now and should be distinguished. 2. Spontaneous ovarian tumor rupture and traumatic ovarian tumor rupture. The former is often caused by rapid erosion of tumors, insufficient blood supply to the capsule wall, erosion, and weakening of the wall. The latter is caused by external forces such as the abdomen. Heavy blows (punching, kicking, impact, etc.), childbirth, sexual intercourse, gynaecological examination, puncture or abdominal acupuncture treatment cause tumor wall rupture.
Pathogenesis:
Ovarian tumor caused by rupture of the follicular membrane, can not quickly stop bleeding or blood does not coagulate and blood clots fall off or ovarian sac fluid overflow, etc., severe cases can cause massive bleeding in the abdominal cavity.
Prevention
Ovarian tumor rupture prevention
1. Vigorously carry out propaganda, advocate high-protein, high-vitamin A, C, E diet, avoid high-cholesterol diet, high-risk women should use oral contraceptives for contraception.
2, women over the age of 30 have a gynecological examination every year, high-risk groups should start the census from childhood, can do B-ultrasound, routine examination of fetal gamma globulin.
3, the prevention of high-risk factors to vigorously carry out education, strengthen high-protein, vitamin A-rich diet, avoid high-cholesterol foods. High-risk women should be prevented with oral contraceptives.
4, early detection, early treatment: ovarian cystic mass larger than 6cm should be surgically removed, and routinely sent pathological test; because the benign mass continues to grow and there is also the possibility of malignant transformation.
5, the census of women over the age of 30 should be gynecological examinations every year, high-risk groups should be checked every six months to exclude ovarian tumors. It is better if it is combined with B-type ultrasonic detection, CA125 and AFP detection.
6, ovarian solid mass should be operated as soon as possible regardless of size, pelvic mass diagnosis is not clear or conservative treatment is invalid, should be done early laparoscopic or laparotomy, where patients with breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancer should be routine gynecological examination, Regular follow-up was performed to detect metastatic cancer at an early stage.
Complication
Ovarian tumor rupture complications Complications teratoma
After the rupture of different ovarian tumors, the different properties of the intracapsular fluid in the peritoneal cavity may have different consequences and corresponding symptoms and signs, such as mucinous substances of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma or carcinoma, which may form peritoneal myxoma and intestinal adhesions. Sebum of cystic teratoma, keratin overflow into the abdominal cavity, can cause peritoneal fat granuloma, etc., more importantly, malignant ovarian tumor rupture is easy to cause basin, abdominal cavity metastasis, forming mass or nodules.
Symptom
Ovarian tumor rupture symptoms Common symptoms Nausea and vomiting Abdominal tenderness Abdominal muscle Abdominal pain Peritonitis Internal hemorrhage Abdominal rebound tenderness Mobile dullness shock
Symptom
Symptoms vary depending on the size of the rupture, the nature and amount of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, rupture of large cystic tumors or mature teratoma, often sudden or persistent severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, sometimes leading to internal bleeding, peritonitis and shock, The tumor rupture is small and only mild or moderate abdominal pain is felt.
2. Signs
Abdominal examination has tenderness and rebound tenderness, abdominal muscle tension, refusal to press, abdominal can also appear bulging or moving dullness, gynecological examination and abdominal examination found that the original tumor disappeared or reduced, the uterus and mass have floating sense.
Examine
Examination of rupture of ovarian tumors
Auxiliary examination: Tumor marker examination, outflow, clotting time examination. B-ultrasound, laparoscopy, histopathological examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of ovarian tumor rupture
diagnosis
The original ovarian tumors suddenly have abdominal pain, abdominal wall tension, refusal to press, even abdominal bulging, shock and other symptoms, should consider whether there is rupture of ovarian tumors, especially after abdominal weight, gynecological examination, sexual intercourse, puncture, etc. It is more likely that if the original mass disappears or shrinks, the mobile abdomen appears in the abdomen, and the B-ultra-existing examination of the existing liquid dark area can be confirmed by puncture of the cystic fluid or bloody fluid.
Differential diagnosis
Ovarian tumor rupture must be differentiated from non-neoplastic ovarian rupture.
