herpes simplex virus infection
Introduction
Introduction to herpes simplex virus infection Herpes simplex virus infection, referred to as herpes simplex, is an acute herpetic skin disease caused by herpes simplex virus infection. It is characterized by clustered blisters and is self-limiting, but easy to relapse. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: jaundice, disturbance of consciousness
Cause
Causes of herpes simplex virus infection
The disease is caused by herpes simplex virus of DNA virus. Human herpes simplex virus is divided into two types, namely herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) and herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-II). Type I mainly causes genital mutilation. Infections other than skin, mucous membranes (oral mucosa) and organs (brain), type II mainly causes skin and mucous membrane infections in the genital area. The virus enters the body through the respiratory tract, oral cavity, genital mucosa and damaged skin, and occupies the normal mucosa of the human body, blood, saliva. In the sensory ganglion cells, when the body's resistance declines, such as fever, gastrointestinal dysfunction, menstruation, pregnancy, lesion infection and mood changes, the latent HSV in the body is activated and the disease occurs.
Human is the only natural host of herpes simplex virus. This virus is present in the vesicular sputum, saliva and feces of patients, restorers or healthy carriers. The mode of transmission is mainly direct contact infection, and can also be contaminated by saliva. Indirect infection.
Prevention
Herpes simplex virus infection prevention
Primary herpes simplex infection is caused by exposure to herpes simplex. Herpes simplex virus can be transmitted through the mouth-breathing. It can also be transmitted through the skin, mucous membrane, cornea and other herpes lesions. Herpes simplex virus infection in patients with asymptomatic The detoxifiers, their saliva, and the presence of viruses in the feces, so patients with this disease should avoid contact with other children and infants, recurrent herpes simplex infection is caused by the activation of the latent herpes simplex virus in the body, currently There is no ideal method for preventing recurrence, mainly to eliminate the stimulating factors that induce recurrence.
Complication
Herpes simplex virus infection complications Complications
Common complications are:
1. The blister can be complicated by infection after rupture.
2. Neonatal herpes simplex, severe cases can be complicated by fever, difficulty breathing, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, disturbance of consciousness.
3. Pregnant mothers infected with herpes simplex virus can cause fetal microcephaly.
Symptom
Herpes simplex virus infection symptoms common symptoms herpes stomatitis lymph nodes swollen lymph nodes pain sore throat
Can be divided into original hair and secondary hair herpes simplex:
1. Original hair: refers to the first infection of HSV, the general incubation period is 2 to 12 days, an average of 6 days, the clinical can have the following types:
(1) Recessive or subclinical infection.
(2) herpetic gingivitis: this type is the most common, more common in children aged 1 to 5 years, occurs in the mouth, gums, tongue, hard palate, soft palate, pharynx, etc., the lesions appear as clusters of small blister It will soon form a superficial ulcer, and it can also be characterized as erythema, superficial ulcer, and oral pain. It may be associated with fever, sore throat and local lymph node swelling. The course of disease is about 2 weeks.
(3) Herpes simplex in newborns.
(4) Herpetic eczema.
(5) Vaccinated herpes simplex.
2. Recurrence: refers to the recurrence of the same part of the patient after the primary infection has subsided and is stimulated by the triggering factor.
HSV can also cause genital herpes and spread the disease.
Examine
Herpes simplex virus infection check
Scrape at the skin for cytological examination, such as seeing multinucleated giant cells and intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions, or detecting HSV-DNA in blister fluid by PCR is helpful for the diagnosis of this disease; virus culture identification is the gold for confirming HSV infection Standard; serum HSV-IgM type antibody detection has diagnostic value, especially neonatal HSV infection, and IgM type antibody has little diagnostic value and can be used for epidemiological investigation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of herpes simplex virus infection
According to the clustered blister, it occurs in the skin-mucosal junction and easy to recur, so it can be diagnosed.
The disease should be differentiated from herpes zoster, impetigo, hand, foot and mouth disease.
