metallic discoloration
Introduction
Introduction to metallic discoloration Metallic discoloration is caused by contact with various metals, causing them to enter the body, causing skin color changes. Such metals may be silver, gold, antimony, mercury, iron, and the like. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is about 0.005%-0.009% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bacterial liver abscess
Cause
Cause of metallic discoloration
Environmental factors (98%):
Due to contact with various metals, it enters the body, causing a change in skin color.
Pathogenesis
Metal enters the body, causing a change in skin color.
Prevention
Metallic color prevention
Stop using or touching the metal to avoid sun exposure.
Complication
Metallic discoloration complications Complications bacterial liver abscess
Due to the contact of metal elements, allergic changes in the skin can be caused. Common manifestations are red, swollen, itchy and epidermal keratinization of the skin with considerable metal contact, and even the exudation of yellowing plasma samples. Secondly, due to scratching and scratching of the skin, bacterial infection can be combined, resulting in local suppurative changes, so patients with itching should be treated with dexamethasone ointment.
Symptom
Symptoms of metallic discoloration Common symptoms Oral mucosal leukoplakia
Clinical manifestations are divided into the following categories:
Silver stagnation
Generally, it takes about 8g of silver to produce clinical manifestations. The early stage is purple sputum. Afterwards, pigmentation gradually appears, which is pale blue to blue-gray. In severe cases, it is gray-black, diffusely distributed throughout the skin, and there are fewer wrinkles, in the face, hands, etc. The exposed parts are easy to see, especially in the conjunctiva, nails, enamel, etc.
2. Golden disease
Generally need a total of more than 4g, manifested as diffuse blue-gray or lavender, mostly in the exposed parts, especially the periorbital prominent, sclera is obvious, wrinkles are rare, oral mucosa is not damaged, histopathology shows dermal perivascular and histiocytic cells There are black particles of different sizes, round or oval.
3. Sickness
More than a few years after the treatment of sputum with sputum, the diffuse blue-gray is calm, and a gray-blue or black line is produced at the edge of the gingival mucosa. It is called " line", face, and obvious hand, which can affect the sclera and oral cavity.
4. Mercuryosis
Mercury can be used as a bleaching agent and topical anti-inflammatory agent. It can cause localized skin gray-gray pigmentation. It is more common in the face, neck, especially in the eyelids and nasolabial folds. Histopathology indicates regular brown black in the upper part of the dermis. The particles, partially free, are partially in macrophages.
5. Ironosis
The external iron salt solution is used to treat dermatitis or as a hemostatic agent. The deep golden brown color of iron can be seen in the lesion of the epidermis. The histopathology indicates that there are iron-containing phagocytic cells in the upper dermis, and the melanin of the primary layer can also be slightly increased.
Examine
Metal discoloration inspection
Gold sickness
Histopathology indicates that there are black particles of different sizes, round or oval in the perivascular and tissue cells.
2. Mercuryosis
Histopathology showed regular brown-black particles in the upper part of the dermis, partially free, partially in macrophages.
3. Ironosis
Histopathology showed that iron-containing phagocytic cells were present in the upper dermis, and melanin in the primary layer was also slightly increased.
Diagnosis
Metal color discoloration diagnosis
According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed.
