milker's nodules
Introduction
Milkman nodule introduction The disease is a viral skin disease caused by exposure to cows infected with poxvirus. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is about 0.01%-0.05%, more common in milkers Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: contact spread Complications: pruritus, swelling
Cause
Milkman's nodule cause
(1) Causes of the disease
The disease is a viral infection of the cow's breast. It is not permanently immunized and can be repeated in the same herd, but generally does not affect the health and milk production of the cow. The pathogen has been isolated from the culture and is similar in morphology to the sheeppox virus. According to the Shanghai Huashan Hospital, the vaccination of all the vaccinia patients in this disease has no positive cross-immunity between the disease and vaccinia.
(two) pathogenesis
The spread of the disease in the population is apparently caused by direct contact with the diseased dairy cows. From the prevalence of milkers (56%), the virus is in the population than in the herd. The infectious power (prevalence rate is 83%) is poor, and the direct transmission between people has not been found. Whether people have spread the disease through milking is not certain.
Prevention
Milker nodule prevention
Suspected diseased cows are immediately isolated and disinfected and symptomatic. If the milkman wants to operate on sick cattle, he can wear rubber gloves or mechanized operation to minimize direct contact with sick cows.
Complication
Milker nodule complications Complications pruritus swelling
The disease is mainly caused by skin damage, which can be destroyed by skin integrity, often accompanied by itching, so it can cause skin bacterial infection or fungal infection due to scratching, usually secondary to low body constitution, or long-term use of immunosuppression. Agents and patients with fungal infections such as onychomycosis, such as concurrent bacterial infections may have fever, skin swelling, ulceration and purulent secretion.
Symptom
Milkpump nodule symptoms common symptoms nodular crusting papules granulomatosis
The incubation period of the milkman is generally 5 days, and the elderly are 2 weeks. The skin lesions almost all occur on the back of both hands, fingers, and a few forearms. Generally, the right side is more than the left side, occasionally on the face, and the lesions are scattered and not fused. The number ranges from 1 to 20, and the rash is a red flat papule. It forms a solid, dark red, slightly tender nodule within 1 week. It is generally about the size of mung bean to soy bean, and there are many blushes around it, and some have nodules at the top of the nodule. It can be scarred, and the late manifestations of individual cases are purulent granulomatous lesions, ranging from 4 to 6 weeks, without scars after the recovery. In addition to skin lesions, some patients may have local lymphadenitis, generally no other Systemic symptoms.
Examine
Milker nodule inspection
Electron microscopic observation of biopsy or suede can find viral inclusions, which is more helpful in the diagnosis of this disease.
Pathology: multi-atrial blister can be formed in the epidermis of the epidermis, common keratosis is obvious, in the cytoplasm, occasionally virus inclusion bodies can be found in the nucleus, and granuloma reaction can occur in the upper part of the dermis.
Diagnosis
Milker nodule diagnosis
According to the patient's occupational history and the incidence of the cows and the population in the unit, combined with the characteristics of the skin lesions, it is not difficult to diagnose. If there are conditions, electron microscopic observation of the biopsy or suede can find the virus inclusion body, which is more helpful. The diagnosis of the disease.
Clinically, it is sometimes necessary to distinguish between infectious soft palate and pyogenic granuloma.
