Enterobacter agglomerans infection
Introduction
Introduction to Enterobacteriaceae infection The colony of Enterobacter agglomerans is a group of yellow fungi that are carotenoids defined by Enterobacter, which were first isolated from plants, seeds, fruits, etc., and thereafter obtained in a variety of environments. These strains have been divided into 13 genera and 27 species, and there are dozens of nouns used to describe this flora, up to 56 names. Erwiniaherbicola, which is well known to plant pathologists, and known by medical scientists as Enterobacter agglomerans (or Enterobacter agglomerans), is important in medicine, agriculture and genetics. effect. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is about 0.002% - 0.003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: shock, myocarditis, hepatitis, abscess
Cause
Causes of Enterobacteriaceae infection
Cause:
The Pantoea agglomerans are Gram-negative bacilli, and the flagella is round; the colonies are round, yellow, with neat edges, low convexity and smoothness; biochemical reaction characteristics are negative for oxidase, positive for contact bacteria, positive for VP and nitrate reduction test, Negative test, glucose fermentation produces acid without gas production, -galactosidase-positive, ornithine decarboxylase negative, arginine double hydrolase negative, lysine decarboxylase negative; from fructose, inositol acid, from Yamanashi Alcohol produces alkali, and the genus Pantoea is called Enterobacter agglomerans, belonging to the genus Enterobacteriaceae of the family Enterobacteriaceae, which is a heterogeneous flora both phenotype and genotype. Ewing and File initially compared 536 strains of Enterobacter agglomerans, which were classified into 11 types according to different tests such as sputum, VP, nitrate reduction and various biochemical reactions. Later, it was proposed to produce Owen The bacterial group was classified into Enterobacter agglomerans; Brenner et al. performed DNA-DNA hybridization experiments on 124 strains of Enterobacter agglomerans, and 90 of them were classified into 13 genotypes, but this genotype was not unified with the biotypes. Get up; Beji et al. Although the strains of Enterobacter sinensis, O. sinensis, and Owens sylvestris have different phenotypes, the similarity in genotypes is as high as 70% or more. Therefore, these three strains belong to the same name. On this basis, according to the recommendations of Gavini et al., Enterobacter agglomerans have been reclassified as a new genus, Pantoea, and the representative strain of this genus is P. agglomerans, including the original A representative strain of Enterobacter agglomerans, O. sinensis, and O. serrata.
In normal human intestines, the upper respiratory tract can be found in the bacteria, leading to opportunistic infections in patients with low immune function, such as premature infants and newborns, burns, multiple trauma, tumor patients and application of immunosuppressive agents, high-dose hormones, etc. The patient's infection can also be infected by various intubations, procedures, and the input of contaminated fluid.
Prevention
Prevention of Enterobacter infection
While strengthening anti-infective treatment, attention should also be paid to the treatment of primary diseases.
Complication
Complications of Enterobacteriaceae infection Complications, shock myocarditis, hepatitis abscess
Severe can occur shock, DIC, toxic myocarditis, toxic hepatitis, and secondary infections in the lungs, brain, kidneys, etc., or migratory abscesses.
Symptom
Symptoms of infection with Enterobacteriaceae Common symptoms chills and diarrhea, loss of appetite, dizziness, bacterial infection, shock, abscess, and retention of heat Gram-negative bacilli
Pantoea agglomerans is a conditional pathogen, which is divided into gas-producing strains and non-gassing strains. It is widely found in plants' flowers, seeds, vegetables, water, and soil. In the normal human intestinal tract, the upper respiratory tract can be found. This bacteria, many lead to opportunistic infections in patients with low immune function, such as premature infants and newborns, burns, multiple trauma, cancer patients and the application of immunosuppressants, high-dose hormones and other infections, can also be due to various intubation Infection, infection and input of contaminated liquid can cause pneumonia, peritonitis, meningitis and other infections, severe cases can cause sepsis, septic shock, in addition, intravenous drug users are contaminated by agglomerated bacteria Septicemia caused by cotton (also known as cotton fever) has also been reported. It is more common in clinical practice to form a pantosan septicemia, mainly due to the input of common infusion preparations containing intravenous agglomerans or intravenous high-nutrition preparations. If a batch of preparation is contaminated, it can lead to local small epidemics. The remaining invasive pathways include respiratory tract, intestine, urinary tract, abdominal cavity, surgical wound and neonatal umbilical cord. Because patients have many underlying diseases or low immunity, the condition is often heavier, often acute onset, manifested as chills, chills, high fever, body temperature can reach above 39 °C, heat type is more than relaxation heat or irregular heat See, if the infection is serious, it can also be hot, the body temperature can reach 40 °C or more, accompanied by dizziness, headache, general malaise, fatigue, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, some patients may have irritability, excitement, convulsions, Hepatosplenomegaly, severe shock, DIC, toxic myocarditis, toxic hepatitis, and secondary infections in the lungs, brain, kidneys, etc., or migratory abscesses; L-type bacterial infections can also occur Mixed infections complicate the condition.
Examine
Examination of Enterobacteriaceae infection
Most patients can be cultured and identified as Pantoea agglomerans in the blood. The total number of white blood cells and neutrophil counts in patients are significantly increased. Some patients with poor body reaction or the total number of white blood cells in patients receiving chemotherapy may not increase or decrease, but neutrophils. The classification of granulocytes is generally elevated; in some patients, the serum typhoid agglutination test can be positive because of the cross-antigenicity of Pantoea agglomerans and Salmonella typhimurium "O".
X-ray chest radiographs were found abnormally in the case of pulmonary infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of Enterobacter agglomerans infection
According to the clinical manifestations of each system, laboratory tests, etc. can determine the location of infection, bacterial culture to the group of Pantoea bacteria for the diagnosis basis, it should be noted that the clinical manifestations of infection in patients with low immunity can be atypical, infusion of patients with agglutination Bacterial infection should be distinguished from other Gram-negative bacilli infections. It is necessary to culture or smear to detect pantoea.
Infectious pancreatic infections in patients with infusion reactions should be distinguished from other Gram-negative bacilli infections.
