sebaceous nevus
Introduction
Introduction to sebaceous glands Sebaceous adenine (nevussebaceus) is a proliferative disease caused by an abnormal increase in sebaceous glands in the skin. It is also called organ-like sputum. This disease occurs more than at birth or shortly after birth. Occasionally on the head and face. The local mass is pale yellow, and the enlarged sebaceous gland opening is a feature of the disease. Surgical resection is reliable. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.035% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: basal cell carcinoma
Cause
Sebaceous gland cause
(1) Causes of the disease
The disease is a congenital dysplasia, mainly caused by increased sebaceous glands in the skin, and the epidermis, other skin appendages and dermis are also involved in its formation.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathological changes of sebaceous adenine vary with the length of the disease. In infants and childhood, the sebaceous glands are poorly developed in the history, the apocrine glands can not be recognized, the epidermis is mildly hyperplasia, and small hair follicles and undifferentiated epithelial cell cords or germs can be seen to young development. During the period, a large number of mature or nearly mature sebaceous glands can be seen in the lesions. The epidermis above it tends to be papillary-like hyperplasia, and the acanthal hypertrophy can be seen. Under the sebaceous gland leaflets, ectopic apocrine glands can be seen in the lesions of elderly patients. The epidermis is often hyperplastic, and sometimes the sebaceous gland is tumor-like hyperplasia.
Prevention
Sebaceous gland prevention
There is currently no effective preventive measure.
Complication
Sebaceous adenine complications Complications basal cell carcinoma
The tissue image can be divided into three periods according to age. In infancy or childhood, except for mild hyperplasia, small incomplete hair follicle structure can be seen, while sebaceous gland is poorly developed, and adolescent epidermis is sick or papillary. Proliferative, a large number of mature or nearly mature sebaceous glands are seen in the dermis, and fully developed apocrine glands can be seen in the deep or subcutaneous fat of the dermis below the sebaceous gland. The trend of accessory tumors occurs in the late stage of skin lesions, about 10% to 15%. Cases of basal cell carcinoma occur.
Symptom
Sebaceous adenine symptoms common symptoms nodular pimples
Sebaceous adenine is more common, more than the time of birth or shortly after birth, occurs in the head, neck, especially in the scalp, most of which are single, a few are multiple, the rash is clear, the rounded small nodules, light Yellow to gray-brown, waxy appearance, no scalp damage on the surface of the scalp, thickening and expansion of puberty damage, papilloma-like surface, yellow obvious, adult sebaceous glands become sickle-like, solid texture.
1. Good hair parts: scalp and face, etc., also seen in the scrotum.
2. Clinical symptoms
(1) local mass: slightly higher than the leather surface, round, oval or banded, yellowish, yellowish brown or reddish brown, irregular edges, surface is mostly granular, no hair, sometimes visible enlargement Sebaceous gland opening, mostly single hair, variable size, usually within a few centimeters, long history, skin lesions can be sickle or papillary.
(2) associated with tumors: skin lesions associated with other skin tumors accounted for 10% to 40%, commonly basal cell carcinoma, the other is papillary sweat duct cystadenoma, apocrine adenoma, keratoacanthoma.
(3) Sebaceous adenine syndrome: a small number of skin lesions associated with epilepsy, mental retardation and skeletal deformities, called linear sebaceous adenine syndrome.
Examine
Examination of sebaceous glands
The tissue image can be divided into three periods according to age. In infancy or childhood, except for mild hyperplasia, small incomplete hair follicle structure can be seen, while sebaceous gland is poorly developed, and adolescent epidermis is sick or papillary. Proliferative, a large number of mature or nearly mature sebaceous glands are seen in the dermis, and fully developed apocrine glands can be seen in the deep or subcutaneous fat of the dermis below the sebaceous gland. The trend of accessory tumors occurs in the late stage of skin lesions, about 10% to 15%. Cases of basal cell carcinoma occur.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of sebaceous glands
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
1. The patient has a round, ovoid or irregular yellowish, yellowish brown or reddish brown papule in the early years of the scalp. The disease should be considered.
2. Histopathological examination: If the sebaceous glands in the diseased tissue increase, accompanied by abnormal development of the epidermis and its appendages, the diagnosis can be confirmed.
According to the age of onset, the location and performance of rash is not difficult to diagnose. Sometimes it needs to be differentiated from juvenile yellow granuloma, sputum sputum, papillary sweat cyst adenoma.
