laryngeal stenosis
Introduction
Introduction to throat stenosis Laryngeal stenosis is caused by various causes of laryngeal scar tissue, resulting in narrowing of the laryngeal cavity, affecting breathing and vocalization. The main symptoms are hoarseness, throat wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing, and severe cases may occur with purpura or asphyxia. The causes of stenosis are 1. Trauma: such as partial laryngectomy, inhalation of chemical corrosive agents, long-term tracheal intubation, and high tracheotomy. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0002%-0.0005% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: blocked throat
Cause
Cause of laryngeal stenosis
1, trauma: such as partial resection of the throat, inhalation of chemical corrosive agents, long-term tracheal intubation, high tracheotomy and so on.
2, inflammation: such as acne, syphilis, leprosy, induration and other ulcerative lesions, scar formation after healing, stenosis. After the laryngectomy, the scar shrinks and the throat can be narrowed.
3, congenital: laryngeal dysplasia, small throat and other deformities.
Prevention
Laryngeal stricture prevention
1. When the laryngeal trauma occurs, it should be repaired early, the infection should be controlled, and the mucosa and cartilage in the larynx should be preserved as much as possible to avoid high tracheotomy.
2, pay attention to breathing and diet, after a few weeks or even months after surgery, there may still be food into the glottis, will gradually adapt later, no longer occur or occasionally cough.
3, if the breathing is improved after surgery, the tracheal tube should be removed after 2 to 3 months. The number of days is good for a few weeks, and there is still the possibility of re-stenosis. Therefore, the tracheal cannula is removed too early, and there is a risk of recurrent laryngeal obstruction.
4. If a tracheal cannula or other cannula is placed in the throat wound during first aid, it should be changed to a low tracheotomy as early as possible to avoid prolonged retention and cause throat narrowing.
5, the patient has severe breathing difficulties, all need to be tracheotomy. Patients who underwent tracheotomy were treated with tracheotomy.
6, surgical methods of laryngeal stenosis should be based on the location, extent and extent of the stenosis, choose effective, time-saving and less painful methods. For complex laryngeal stenosis, the effort to save effort will not achieve the desired results, but will increase the pain of the patient's reoperation, and the second surgery is often more difficult than the first. Similarly, it is not appropriate to expand the scope of surgery blindly for simpler stenosis.
Complication
Laryngeal stenosis Complications
In severe cases, it causes difficulty in breathing. Secondary bleeding, local infections, lung and intracranial infections, etc., late symptoms are mostly traumatic sequelae, such as scarring, resulting in respiratory and swallowing dysfunction or neurological dysfunction, and affect the face.
Symptom
Symptoms of larynx stenosis Common symptoms Difficulty breathing Cough, hoarseness, snoring, neonatal throat wheezing
The main symptoms are hoarseness, throat wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing, and severe cases may occur with purpura or asphyxia.
Examine
Laryngeal stricture examination
Laryngoscopy revealed scar tissue in the throat, which was banded, membranous or ring-shaped. The vocal cords were fixed, the vocal cords were deformed, the glottis became narrow, and the subglottic areas were stuck together, sometimes leaving only small pores. Diagnosis of the occurrence and development of laryngeal stenosis is very slow, combined with medical history and lateral laryngeal film, can make a diagnosis, and can understand the location, extent and extent of laryngeal stenosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of laryngeal
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
And congenital subglottic stenosis identification. Patients with laryngotracheal scar stenosis are mainly dyspnea, hoarseness and wheezing.
