Micrognathia Syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to small jaw deformity syndrome Micrognathiasyndrome (micrognathiasyndrome) is also known as cleft palate - small jaw deformity - hypoglossal syndrome, small mandibular - hypoglossal syndrome, small jaw and big tongue malformation syndrome, inspiratory airway obstruction syndrome, Robin syndrome, Pierre-Robin syndrome, etc. The condition is characterized by congenital small jaw deformity, lingual lingual, cleft palate and inspiratory airway obstruction in neonates, and the respiratory tract obstruction caused by this symptom causes death, and the incidence is high. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: aspiration pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary heart disease, otitis media
Cause
Causes of small jaw deformity syndrome
(1) Causes of the disease
The cause has not been fully elucidated and is associated with a variety of environmental factors, and has recently been shown to be associated with intracellular fetal cell inclusion body virus infection.
(two) pathogenesis
Small jaw deformity is generally thought to occur in the first 4 months of the embryo, caused by interference suppression in the center of the mandibular condyle, and malnutrition during pregnancy, certain drugs during pregnancy, radiation and certain toxin poisoning can be induced All kinds of malformations, including cleft palate and tongue sag triad, Douglas observed that if you can get adequate nutrition after birth, the small jaw deformity can develop to near normal within 6-8 months. However, the real cause of this disease is still unclear. There is no sufficient evidence for genetic factors. It is clear that this malformation is associated with intravital megacytoplasmic inclusion virus infection. From the 4th week of pregnancy to the end of pregnancy, the infection of the virus can occur, and the infected primipara is young. Most of the patients, the clinical signs of the mother can not be obvious, the virus infected the fetus through the placenta, the more the infection occurs in the early pregnancy, the more severe the fetal involvement.
Prevention
Prevention of small jaw deformity syndrome
Avoid colds, aggravate your condition and affect your life.
Complication
Complications of small jaw deformity syndrome Complications, aspiration pneumonia, pulmonary atelectasis, pulmonary heart disease, otitis media
Lead to aspiration pneumonia or atelectasis, inspiratory wheezing, pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary heart disease due to upper airway obstruction, often feeding difficulties, malnutrition, slow growth, easy to concurrent otitis media.
Symptom
Symptoms of small jaw deformity syndrome Common symptoms Infant feeding difficulties, cough, small jaw, dyspnea, suffocation, cachexia
1. Most of the children develop symptoms shortly after birth, which are characterized by inspiratory dyspnea, cyanosis, wheezing in the throat, etc., which affects the infant's fall asleep, and the severity of the symptoms varies with the degree of deformity.
2. Difficulty breathing: more obvious when lying on the back or feeding, easy to cause cough, suffocation and aspiration pneumonia.
3. Malnutrition: long-term feeding difficulties can lead to malnutrition, stunting, low living ability, cachexia and other manifestations.
Examine
Examination of small jaw deformity syndrome
Peripheral blood leukocyte counts and neutrophils were significantly increased in concurrent infections; PaO2 decreased in PaO2 during hypoxemia.
According to the clinical selection of X-ray chest X-ray, echocardiography, electrocardiogram and other examinations.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of small jaw deformity syndrome
According to clinical manifestations, and features such as less jaw deformity, tongue root unhealed, inspiratory airway obstruction and other phases can be diagnosed.
Clinical should be differentiated from tracheal foreign body and nasal polyps.
