cold panniculitis
Introduction
Introduction to cold panniculitis Cold panniculitis is a localized fat injury caused by cold stimulation of local subcutaneous fat tissue, resulting in subcutaneous panniculitis. The disease is mainly seen in infants and young children, occasionally in children and young women, occurring in the cold season, mostly after 1 to 3 days of cold. The disease is mainly a subcutaneous nodule or plaque with clear boundary, the surface temperature is lowered, the color is blue-red or blue-purple, and the texture is hard and tender. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0003%-0.0005% Susceptible people: good for infants and young children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: shock
Cause
Cause of cold panniculitis
(1) Causes of the disease
May be related to the excessive content of saturated fatty acids in the subcutaneous fat tissue, the melting point is increased, adults are more common in frostbite or tights, resulting in poor blood circulation, seen in some fibrinolytic activity and cold fibrinogen increased.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is not clear. Some people think that the degree of hydration of fatty acids in the subcutaneous tissue of infants and young children may be higher than that of adults, and it is easier to cure. However, this theory cannot explain the adult disease. Some people think that this is a kind of cold stimulation of the body. Delayed hypersensitivity, lymphoid cells and histiocytes infiltrated around the blood vessels at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue immediately after cold tissue. At about 3 days after cold, the tissue response peaked and some fat cells in the subcutaneous tissue. They rupture and fuse with each other to form a cystic structure with significant inflammatory infiltration around fat cells and cystic structures. In addition to lymphoid cells and tissue cells, there are a few neutrophils and eosinophils.
Prevention
Cold pancreatitis prevention
Young women become important patients with cold panniculitis, and should always keep warm and avoid cold, which is especially important for infants and young children. In winter, young women popular "legging pants" with snow boots. But in fact, "leging pants" is very thin, and can not resist the cold; and tightly wrapped legs, it will affect the blood circulation of the skin, so that blood flow slows down. In particular, you need to keep warm in winter, and you can't wear less for beauty. Finding diseases, correcting bad habits in a timely manner, and active treatment are the key.
Complication
Cold lipitis complications Complications
Cold panniculitis may be associated with low body temperature, subcutaneous nodules or plaques, reduced surface temperature, cyan or blue-purple color, hard texture, and hard texture. It may be accompanied by mild itching and pain, and severe cases may collapse.
Body temperature is lower than normal: seen in shock, major bleeding, chronic wasting disease, frail elderly, hypothyroidism, severe malnutrition, exposure to cold in the cold environment, etc.
Symptom
Cold lipid inflammatory symptoms Common symptoms Subcutaneous nodules Skin tenderness
The disease is mainly a subcutaneous nodule or plaque with clear boundary, the surface temperature is lowered, the color is blue-red or blue-purple, the texture is hard and tender, mainly occurs in the cheek, on the outside of the thigh, buttocks, lower abdomen, etc. It can be diagnosed. It has also been reported that it occurs in the scrotum after swimming in cold water in winter. If the cold factor is removed immediately after the onset, the nodules will gradually soften and disappear after more than 2 weeks, leaving no scars and traces.
Examine
Examination of cold panniculitis
Generally no abnormal findings.
Histopathology: fat necrosis, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and tissue cells infiltrated around the blood vessels, and the fat cells ruptured into a saclike structure.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of cold panniculitis
Should be differentiated from nodular febrile non-suppurative panniculitis:
Nodular febrile non-suppurative panniculitis is also known as Weber-Christine's disease. It is primary lobular panniculitis and the cause is unclear. The majority of patients are women. Clinically, it is a recurrent subcutaneous nodule with a diameter of about 2 to 3 cm. The surface is red and tender. It is found on the trunk and limbs. The lower limbs are more common. The nodules fade away after weeks or months, but from time to time new nodules appear individually or in batches. In batches, there are often varying degrees of fever, general malaise, loss of appetite and joint pain. The disease generally has no visceral injury and has a good prognosis.
