high dynamic cycle
Introduction
Introduction to high dynamic cycle The high dynamic circulation is also called the high dynamic circulation state. It refers to the heart index exceeding 4L/(min·m2) when the adult is resting [normal 2.23.9L/(min·m2)], and the cardiac output is increased. It is caused by increased heart rate or increased heart rate (or both), including physiological and pathological types. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is about 0.003%-0.005%, more common in patients with hypertension Susceptible people: more common in young and middle-aged men Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: congestive heart failure
Cause
High dynamic circulation cause
(1) Causes of the disease
Reasons include both physiological and pathological types.
1. Physiological: physical activity, emotional, mass eating, pregnancy, fever, hot and humid environment.
2. Pathological: severe anemia, hyperthyroidism, beriberi heart disease caused by vitamin B1 deficiency, arteriovenous fistula, carcinoid syndrome, cirrhosis, a few pulmonary heart disease and some bone diseases, such as deformability Osteitis, multiple bone fiber abnormal proliferation and so on.
3. Part of the reason for the unclear high dynamic cycle is the primary high dynamic cycle.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathogenesis varies:
1. Physiological: The physiologically high dynamic cycle caused by physical activity and emotional agitation is caused by sympathetic excitation; the high dynamic circulation during pregnancy is related to the increase of blood volume and the formation of arteriovenous short circuit at the placenta.
2. Pathological: The increase of cardiac index is not due to the increase of ventricular filling pressure, but mostly due to the decrease of peripheral circulation resistance. This mechanism is most prominent in large arteriovenous fistula. In addition, in hyperthyroidism, athlete's foot Heart disease, also plays an important role in severe anemia.
Prevention
High dynamic circulation prevention
1. Active treatment and prevention of primary diseases that cause high dynamic circulation should be taken to radically remove the cause.
2. Treatment with -blockers.
Complication
High dynamic circulation complications Complications, congestive heart failure
Congestive heart failure can be complicated.
Symptom
Hyperdynamic circulatory symptoms Common symptoms Fatigue, shortness of breath, heart failure, systolic murmur
1. More common in young and middle-aged men, most of them are asymptomatic, a few have heart palpitations, labor urgency, fatigue, occasional heart failure, physical examination: strong apex beat, rapid, aortic valve and pulmonary valve area, external carotid artery You can hear 2/6~3/6 systolic jet murmurs. Sometimes there are 2/6~3/6 squeezing systolic murmurs in the apical region, the systolic blood pressure is increased, and the pulse pressure difference is increased.
2. X-ray shows that the heart beat is strong, but the heart shadow is mostly normal. Half of the patients have left ventricular high voltage changes in ECG, ST segment and T wave changes, heart function test often CI, and ejection fraction (EF) increased. .
3. Except for other reasons, resulting in a high dynamic circulation state.
Examine
High dynamic cycle inspection
1. X-ray: It shows that the heart beats strongly and the heart shadow is normal.
2. ECG: There can be high voltage, even ST-T changes.
Diagnosis
High dynamic circulation diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria
1. More common in young and middle-aged men, more asymptomatic, a few have heart palpitations, laborious urgency, fatigue.
2. Physical examination: apex beats strongly, rapid, increased systolic blood pressure, and increased pulse pressure difference.
3. Except for other reasons, resulting in a high dynamic circulation state.
Differential diagnosis
In the diagnosis of this disease, we must pay attention to the exclusion of congestive heart failure, the latter venous pressure can be increased, liver congestion, swelling, lungs can smell wet voice, heart murmur or cardiac enlargement and other organic heart disease performance Can be used for identification.
