non-venereal syphilis
Introduction
Introduction to non-sexual syphilis Non-sexual syphilis (endemicsyphilis, nonvenerealsyphilis) is a local epidemic caused by spirochetes, caused by non-sexual transmission. Human-to-human transmission is mainly transmitted through mucous membrane contact with tableware, beverage cups or felts contaminated by pathogens, the most common being second-stage oral mucosal plaques. The second-stage endemic syphilis without treatment can heal itself in 6 to 9 months. The third-stage damage is a gelatinous ulcer of the skin, nasopharyngeal and bone, and a single dose of benzathine penicillin is effective in treating the disease and its contacts. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0001%-0.0003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: mucus spread Complications: syphilitic cardiovascular disease
Cause
Non-sexual syphilis etiology
(1) Causes of the disease
The pathogen of this disease is Trepone pallidum (T.subspecies endemicum), also known as endemic syphilis.
(two) pathogenesis
Humans and humans are mainly infected through mucous membrane contact, tableware, beverage cups or felt products contaminated by pathogens. Subtypes of local spirochetes are propagated in the body. Primary skin lesions are rare and may occur in oropharynx mucosa without being noticeable. The most common is the second-stage oral mucosal plaque. The second-stage endemic syphilis without treatment can heal itself in 6 to 9 months. The third-stage damage is the gelatinous ulcer of the skin, nasopharynx and bone.
Prevention
Non-sexual syphilis prevention
To prevent this disease, it is necessary to carry out large-scale treatment of patients in endemic areas, eliminate the source of infection, and at the same time improve public health conditions and improve social and economic levels in order to effectively control the epidemic.
Complication
Non-sexual syphilis complications Complications syphilitic cardiovascular disease
It is more destructive to the organization and can be life-threatening in severe cases. It can invade the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and skeletal system, causing destruction of tissues and organs, loss of function, leading to disability or death.
Symptom
Symptoms of non-sexual syphilis Common symptoms Wet pimples
The clinical manifestations of this disease are quite similar to sexually transmitted syphilis. The first stage oral lesions are not easy to be detected; the second stage lesions are oropharyngeal mucosal plaques, lobular rupture papules, condylomatosis, periostitis and local lymphadenopathy, palm and The bottom of the foot often has hyperkeratosis, and the clinical symptoms of the third stage are more prominent, including gum swelling in the skin, nasopharynx, bone, etc. This kind of destructive damage is called gangosa often. In Yu Yasi, mothers who are fed with infectious diseases can also see gumma. Cases of cardiovascular or neurosyphilis caused by the pathogen of this disease have been reported, but it is extremely rare. In fact, all patients have initial infections in children. During the period, there is no bloodstream infection in pregnant women, so there are very few congenital cases.
Patients with chronic skin and bone damage living in endemic areas should be suspected of endemic syphilis. Diagnosis of this disease is based on skin or mucosal specimens. Direct dark-field microscopy for spiral-positive and serological tests for the presence of antibodies. The three subspecies of Treponema pallidum are basically identical in morphology, antigenic structure, and even DNA homology, and cannot be distinguished from each other. Therefore, it must be diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and epidemiological data.
Examine
Non-sexual syphilis examination
According to the skin or mucosa specimens, the spiral-positive and serological tests were performed under the dark-field microscopy for the presence or absence of the corresponding antibodies.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of non-sexual syphilis
Patients with advanced disease need to be differentiated from syphilis, yaw, and other diseases.
