Nitrogen dioxide poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to nitrogen dioxide poisoning Nitrogen oxide poisoning is mostly caused by nitrogen oxides and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Nitrogen dioxide is a reddish brown gas, insoluble in water, and has a characteristic sweet taste. Nitrogen oxides are accessible in many occupations, including acetylene torch welding, electroplating, metal cleaning and mining, as well as exposure to nitrogen oxides in the manufacture of dyes, paints or the use of nitric acid. Nitrogen dioxide is also an important component of jet fuel and a by-product of diesel combustion. The silt of the green storage feed can also be exposed to nitrogen oxides and cause poisoning. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0004% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: mediastinal emphysema
Cause
Causes of nitrogen dioxide poisoning
(1) Causes of the disease
NO2 is an irritating gas and is the cause of this disease.
(two) pathogenesis
NO2 has weak irritation to the upper respiratory tract mucosa, mainly entering the bronchioles and alveoli in the deep part of the respiratory tract, gradually interacting with water to form nitric acid and nitrous acid, causing severe stimulation and corrosive effects on lung tissue, leading to pulmonary edema.
Prevention
Nitrogen dioxide poisoning prevention
1. Strengthen the management of toxic and hazardous chemicals in accordance with relevant regulations.
2. Regularly monitor the chemicals in the production environment and take necessary measures to reduce the concentration of the working environment to the requirements of the labor hygiene standards. For example, the use of non-toxic and low-toxic substances instead of toxic chemicals, and the use of airtight, ventilation and other devices .
Complication
Nitrogen oxide poisoning complications Complications, mediastinal emphysema, pneumothorax
Severe poisoning, severe cough, can be complicated by severe pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema or severe myocardial damage.
Symptom
Symptoms of Nitrogen Oxide Poisoning Common Symptoms Sputum with bloodshot lungs filled with miliary shadows bronchospasm nausea wheezing
Acute poisoning rarely has the irritation of the conjunctiva and oropharynx mucosa. The initial patient often does not know that it has been poisoned. The degree of lung damage depends on the gas concentration and the inhalation time. After exposure to nitrogen dioxide of 150mg/m3 or more for 3~24h, it appears. Respiratory symptoms, such as cough, fever, shortness of breath, etc., blood stasis in the sputum, extreme weakness, nausea and headache, bronchospasm is the main feature of the acute phase, chest auscultation can smell snoring and wheezing, laboratory tests show peripheral blood The white blood cells increased, the neutrophils increased, and the arterial blood gas showed that the alveolar arterial oxygen pressure difference increased. At the beginning, the chest radiograph was normal, and the signs of pulmonary edema gradually appeared.
Examine
Inspection of nitrogen dioxide poisoning
Peripheral blood leukocytes increased, neutrophils increased, and arterial blood gas showed an increase in the alveolar arterial oxygen pressure difference.
At the beginning, the chest radiograph was normal, and signs of pulmonary edema gradually appeared.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of nitrogen dioxide poisoning
diagnosis
1. Have a clear history of NO2 exposure.
2. NO2 poisoning is characterized by long incubation period and prone to delayed pulmonary edema.
3. Chest X-rays show two lungs full of miliary shadows.
According to the above three, you can confirm the diagnosis.
Identification
Diseases identified with nitric oxide poisoning such as acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, acute pulmonary embolism, and idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.
