malignant meningioma
Introduction
Introduction to malignant meningioma Malignant meningioma is characterized by certain benign meningiomas, which gradually undergo malignant changes and are characterized by malignant tumors. It is manifested that the tumor recurs many times in the original site, and extracranial metastasis can occur. Malignant meningioma grows fast, and the tumor invades into the brain around the brain, causing the surrounding brain tissue to proliferate. With repeated surgical resection, the tumor gradually becomes malignant and can eventually be converted into meningeal sarcoma. Among them, hemangioblastoma in benign meningiomas is most often malignant. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cerebral edema, intracranial hemorrhage
Cause
Cause of malignant meningioma
Acidic body (40%):
The cause of brain tumors, experts say, the formation of brain tumors is related to acidic constitution. What is acidic body? Generally speaking, the pH of human body fluid is 7.35 to 7.45, which is the healthiest, but most people have a body fluid pH below 7.35. Their body is between health and disease. In the sub-health state, these people are called acidic people.
Human immune function declines (45%):
Another angle to understand the cause of brain tumor: Chinese medicine on the cause of brain tumors, due to long-term dietary structure, living habits, environment and other factors cause acidification of the body, the body's overall immune function declines, causing kidney deficiency, and liver and kidney homologous, kidney deficiency liver It is also imaginary, which in turn causes the upper coke metabolic cycle to slow down, block the cerebral arteries, and blood stasis. At this time, some brain parasites and viruses will multiply, causing serious damage to the brain.
Pathogenesis
Malignant meningioma grows fast, and the tumor invades into the surrounding brain, causing the gliosis of the surrounding brain tissue. With repeated surgical resection, the tumor gradually becomes malignant, and finally it can be transformed into meningioma, which is a hemangioblastoma in benign meningioma. Malignant changes most often occur.
According to the histopathological features, the World Health Organization (WHO) classifies meningioma into 4 grades, of which grade 3 is malignant meningioma and grade 4 is sarcoma. There are 6 criteria for grading: increased number of cells, disappeared structure, and many nuclear Formality, mitotic index, local necrosis and brain tissue violations. In addition to brain infringement, each of the six criteria is divided into 4 levels, namely 0 to 3, with brain invasive as 1 point and no score of 0. The total score is 7 to 11 grade 3 meningioma, >11 is classified into grade 4 sarcoma. It is also considered that meningioma is not a meningioma. The pathological features of malignant meningioma are increased cell number, decreased cell structure, and nucleus polymorphism. Sexually, there is mitosis, and there is extensive necrosis in the tumor.
Malignant meningioma can occur extracranial metastasis, mainly to the lungs (35%), musculoskeletal system (17.5%) and liver and lymphatic system, metastasis may be related to surgical operations, in addition, tumor invasion of sinus, skull, scalp, It may also be the cause of metastasis. In addition, malignant meningioma can also be spread by cerebrospinal fluid. It is believed that the metastasis of malignant meningioma accounts for at least 1/1000 of meningioma.
Prevention
Malignant meningioma prevention
1. Strengthen nutrition, eat high-calorie, high-protein, high-vitamin, light, easy to digest, rich in crude fiber, high-nutrition food, a small amount of meals. Do not eat spicy, greasy, irritating food. Eat more vegetables and fruits to keep your stools smooth. For dry stools, massage according to the direction of colon walking to stimulate bowel movements. If necessary, give Si Mo Tang Oral Liquid and laxative.
2. Maintain emotional stability, pay attention to rest, maintain adequate sleep, proper physical exercise, and physical dysfunction, passively move the limbs to prevent muscle atrophy. Can not go out alone, should not climb, ride, swim, discharge from the hospital for 1 to 2 months to review regularly to understand the changes in the condition.
Complication
Malignant meningioma complications Complications brain edema intracranial hemorrhage
If surgery is performed, the following complications may occur:
1. Intracranial hemorrhage or hematoma
It is not related to intraoperative hemostasis. With the improvement of surgical techniques, this complication has been less frequent. The wound is carefully hemostasis and repeated flushing before closing the skull can reduce or avoid postoperative intracranial hemorrhage.
2. Brain edema and postoperative high intracranial pressure
Dehydration drugs can be used to reduce intracranial pressure, and glucocorticoids can reduce brain edema.
3. Loss of nerve function
It is related to the important functional area and important structure of the intraoperative injury. The injury should be avoided as much as possible during the operation.
Symptom
Malignant meningioma symptoms common symptoms dizziness dizziness
The average age of onset of malignant meningioma is significantly lower than that of benign meningioma. The tumor is located in the convex and sagittal sinus of the brain. Other parts, especially the posterior fossa, are rare. Therefore, patients with malignant meningioma are more likely to suffer from neurological damage such as hemiplegia. Common symptoms of meningioma such as epilepsy, headache, etc. are common in malignant meningiomas, but the course of disease is shorter.
Examine
Examination of malignant meningioma
Malignant meningioma in CT showed irregular tumor morphology, lobulated, mushroom sign, unclear boundary, incomplete capsule, uneven signal, obvious edema around, no calcification, and enhanced tumor intensification after enhancement. Tumors are easy to invade brain tissue and skull. MRI T1 and T2 are high signals like malignant meningioma, and sometimes the internal carotid artery supplies blood to the tumor.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of malignant meningioma
Although no specific clinical symptoms can directly determine the occurrence of brain tumors, local neurological symptoms such as intracranial pressure and aggravation must be paid attention to, or patients with no history of epilepsy may have sudden seizures. Hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or cerebrospinal fluid obstruction in the tumor should also be raised.
There are also reports in PubMed that Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA) are associated with genetic acute hepatic porphyrias (PCT, AIP, HCP and VP). Imaging diagnosis is very important in the interpretation of brain tumors.
1. Image examination: In addition to the judgment of clinical symptoms, with the advancement of science, imaging examination can quickly and increase the accuracy of brain tumor diagnosis, and it is also very helpful for postoperative follow-up treatment. Current imaging examinations include: Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Electroncephalography (EEG), and Cerebrovascular Photography.
2. Biopsy: Although the imaging examination progresses, doctors often use image examination to diagnose brain lesions. However, in some cases, biopsy is needed to determine the pathological diagnosis, especially when the brain tumor is evaluated as being inoperable. Slice surgery facilitates follow-up treatment, and current biopsy includes stereotactic biopsy and craniotomy.
