gasoline poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to gasoline poisoning Gasoline is an anesthetic poison. Ingestion of kerosene or gasoline or inhalation of high concentrations of kerosene or gasoline vapor can cause poisoning (keroseneorgaso1inepoisoning). Oral poisoning may have oropharyngeal burning sensation, gastrointestinal symptoms, liver and kidney damage, inhalation poisoning may occur central nervous system dysfunction, respiratory damage. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: pulmonary edema, cough
Cause
Cause of gasoline poisoning
Acute gasoline poisoning is more common in places with higher gasoline vapor concentration, or due to aspiration, gasoline mainly acts on the central nervous system after inhalation, which makes the lipid balance in the nerve cells imbalance.
Prevention
Gasoline poisoning prevention
1. Have sufficient knowledge of the toxicity of the oil and should not be paralyzed. The relevant operating procedures must be strictly observed in the work.
2. The maximum allowable concentration of gasoline vapor in the country is 350mg/m3, so the space gasoline concentration in production, storage and use places should be below this sanitary standard to ensure safe production.
3. Pay special attention to prevent gasoline spillage and leakage, and pay attention to ventilation in the workplace.
4. It is strictly forbidden to use the mouth to absorb oil, especially leaded gasoline. It is forbidden to fill lighters with leaded gasoline. It is forbidden to wash car parts and clothes with leaded gasoline.
5. Contact with gasoline should wear overalls, wear protective gloves, wash your hands and face with soap and water when you are off work, and take a bath if you have the conditions. Do not eat food and smoke immediately after touching the gasoline.
6. The oil depot staff should not enter the tank to clean the bottom oil. If you need to clean the oil tank, you should first adopt natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation to reduce the concentration of oil vapor in the tank. Personnel entering the tank must wear overalls, rubber shoes, rubber gloves, and if necessary, wear a filter-type gas mask and fasten the belt and signal cord. In addition, there should be a special person outside the tank to keep in touch, and it is also convenient to rotate. The continuous working time of each person should not exceed 15 minutes.
7. When you find symptoms of gasoline poisoning such as dizziness, headache, vomiting, etc., stop working immediately and take a rest in a place with fresh air. Serious cases should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.
8. Those who are engaged in gasoline contact should undergo a health check before employment. Anyone suffering from nervous system diseases, endocrine diseases, cardiovascular diseases, blood diseases, tuberculosis, liver diseases, etc. should not be engaged in such work. In regular health checkups, all patients diagnosed with the above diseases should be removed from contact with gasoline for treatment. With convalescence. Pregnant and lactating women should also be temporarily removed.
Complication
Gasoline poisoning complications Complications pulmonary edema cough
Acute poisoning can cause pulmonary edema. Inhalation of the respiratory tract by mouth and nose can cause aspiration pneumonia, cough, bleeding cough, chest pain, fever and so on.
Symptom
Gasoline poisoning symptoms Common symptoms diarrhea chest pain chest tightness abdominal pain chills dizziness hemoptysis auditory syncope
Oral poisoning
(1) Burning sensation: The patient feels thirsty immediately after taking the gasoline, and has a burning sensation in the throat and stomach;
(2) Digestive system symptoms: symptoms of nausea, vomiting (vomit can carry blood), abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools and other digestive symptoms, as well as painful urination, or syncope immediately after taking it.
(3) systemic symptoms: gasoline can be caused by systemic symptoms after a large amount of absorption, fever, drowsiness, cyanosis or paleness, superficial breathing, rapid heartbeat, weak pulse, decreased blood pressure, and can lead to toxic hepatitis and nephritis.
(4) After the acute symptoms are alleviated, pulmonary complications can occur, coughing, coughing and hemorrhagic foaming, chest pain and fever. There are also acute hemorrhagic necrotic lesions in the lungs within 24 hours, which usually dissipate in 3 to 5 days without leaving sequelae.
2. Inhalation poisoning
(1) Mild poisoning patients show symptoms of general anesthetic poisoning, redness, excitement, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, chest tightness, blurred vision, auditory hallucinations, tinnitus, convulsions, limb tremors, palpitations, etc. There is always a syncope performance.
(2) In severe cases, there may be convulsions or arrogance, clonic or tonic convulsions, coma, superficial and frequent breathing, fast and weak pulse, decreased blood pressure, elevated or decreased body temperature.
(3) Direct inhalation of gasoline into the respiratory tract can cause bronchitis, aspiration pneumonia, pulmonary edema, etc. The child has chills, fever, severe cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, bruising, increased respiration rate, and rales in the lungs.
(4) Acute poisoning is often caused by a high concentration (>3500mg/m3) of gasoline. The poisoned person can lose consciousness within a few minutes, the pupil is dilated, and the respiratory weakness is weak until it stops.
(5) Children with chronic inhalation poisoning may experience fatigue, weakness, anemia, weight loss, psychosis, limb pain, numbness, and paresthesia. There are proteins and red blood cells in the urine. Adult female patients may also have menstrual disorders and increased symptoms during menopause.
3. Skin contact poisoning
Long-term contact with the skin appears dry, chapped, keratinized, acute dermatitis, folliculitis and so on.
Examine
Gasoline poisoning inspection
1. Laboratory tests for vomit can analyze poisons.
2. X-ray for acute inhalation poisoning, flaky or dense mass shadows in the lungs; total white blood cells and neutrophils can be increased.
3. EEG should be neuro-induced by neuro-electromyography for chronic poisoning.
4. Blood counts The total number of white blood cells and neutrophils can be increased.
Diagnosis
Gasoline poisoning diagnosis and identification
Acute gasoline poisoning should be differentiated from common psychosis, central nervous system infection or acute tetraethyl lead poisoning
Acute gasoline poisoning often has a clear history of history and exposure due to large intake of gasoline or inhalation of high-concentration gasoline vapor; psychiatric symptoms of patients with mental illness are intermittent and recurrent; those with central nervous system infection can detect bacteria in their cerebrospinal fluid. Pathogens such as viruses; tetraethyl lead poisoning is a category of occupational diseases, and poisoned persons have a clear history of exposure.
Chronic poisoning should be differentiated from neurosis
Neurosis is a group of psychogenic disorders. Personal factors and psychosocial factors are the main causes of illness.
