adult-onset gynecomastia
Introduction
Introduction to adult women with breast hypertrophy Usually, the growth of the breast of an adult woman stops to a certain extent. The normal breast should be located in the 2nd to 6th breast ribs and weigh about 250-350g. If it is too strong, it will be stimulated by too much estrogen during the development of the breast. Or particularly sensitive to estrogen stimulation, and excessive growth of one or both breasts, beyond the boundaries and weight of normal breasts, known as adult-type female breast hypertrophy, also known as breast disease. Some people develop mammary gland rapidly, up to 2 times the normal breast in 1 to 2 years, a few breasts sag flat, even over the groin, and even more than the knees, each breast weighs 5000 to 6000g. Overweight people have more than a dozen kilograms. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.001% - 0.0015% Susceptible people: common in adult women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Eczema
Cause
Causes of adult women with breast hypertrophy
(1) Causes of the disease
The etiology and pathogenesis are still not very clear. Some people think that excessive secretion of estrogen and target cells of breast tissue are particularly sensitive to estrogen stimulation and cause hyperproliferation. Others believe that some unknown genetic factors such as genes may be involved in breast tissue. Abnormal.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathological changes of adult female breast hypertrophy have the following characteristics:
1. The general form of hypertrophic breast can flatten the umbilicus, reach the knee, the weight can reach 5~10kg on each side, the nipple sinks, the epidermis varicose veins, the texture is soft, sometimes it can touch the nodules of different sizes, and the cut surface sees the gray-red hyperplasia mammary gland Tissue, light yellow, grayish hyperplastic fat, fibrous tissue.
2. Histological morphology Hypertrophic breast is mainly composed of hyperproliferative gland, fat, fibrous tissue, and there are few small ducts with few branches. Occasionally, there is a tendency of lobular formation. The epithelial cell proliferation is papillary, epithelial cytoplasm Secretory vacuoles can be seen (Fig. 1). It has been reported that the development of papillary ductal epithelial hyperplasia can lead to atypical hyperplasia, and a small number (1% to 2%) can develop into breast cancer.
Prevention
Adult female breast hypertrophy prevention
1. Actively treat various primary diseases;
2, the diet is rich in nutritious and easy to digest food.
3. Use caution with drugs that may disrupt endocrine.
4. Strengthen physical exercise, control sexual intercourse, and avoid overwork;
5, self-cultivation, keep the mood comfortable;
Complication
Adult female breast hypertrophy complications Complications eczema
Because the skin under the breast area is close to the skin of the chest and abdomen, the sweat can not be emitted, and the local moisture is often caused by eczema, erosion and other skin diseases.
Symptom
Adult female breast hypertrophy symptoms Common symptoms Back pain Thoracic deformity Drooping Breasts Breasts Huge urgency varicose breasts Hypertrophy Giant hunchback Chest tightness
1. Symptoms and signs
(1) The breast is huge: the hypertrophic mammary gland is mostly drooping or gourd-shaped, and its nipples are mostly drooping and shifting. The big breasts can reach 5000-6000g each, even tens of kilograms, and can flatten the umbilicus to the knee. .
(2) skin, nipple changes: varicose skin on the surface of the breast, may have pigmentation, increased areola, nipple can be invaginated.
(3) Restricted activities: heavy breasts can make patients inconvenient, have a sense of falling when standing, chest tightness when lying down, shortness of breath, pressure, neck pain, hunchback, posture change, thoracic deformity.
(4) Physical examination: The breast on one side or both sides is more than 2 times larger than normal. The quality of the touch is hard and tough, and the elasticity is large. It is generally difficult to touch the obvious mass.
2. Clinical classification The classification of breast hypertrophy is divided according to the shape of the breast, the density of the gland and the amount of tissue to be removed.
(1) Classification according to the density of glands: There are mainly two types:
1 hypertrophic breast: mild drooping, upper fullness; glandular hyperplasia; breast skin elasticity.
2 drooping breasts: markedly drooping, upper flat; fat hyperplasia; breast skin relaxation.
(2) Classification according to the volume to be removed:
0 ~ 200g: mild hypertrophy.
200 ~ 500g: moderate hypertrophy.
500 ~ 1500g: severe hypertrophy.
>1500g: Big breast disease.
Examine
Adult female breast hypertrophy check
1. Infrared scanning of the breast to identify hypertrophic breast tissue and fat deposition.
2. The mammographic X-ray axial slice can show the tissue structure of the breast.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of adult women with breast hypertrophy
According to typical clinical signs, one or both breasts are more than 2 times larger than normal, and it is not difficult to make a clinical diagnosis.
1. Multiple fibroid adenoma of the breast can often touch the surface of the breast in many places, the activity is large, the mass is hard, the edge is clear, and the mass is not sticky. Generally, the growth is slow, and the breast can sometimes increase slightly, but Generally no obvious excessive increase, such as rapid increase in pregnancy or short-term, should consider the possibility of phyllodes cystosarcoma, should be timely surgery.
2. Breast fat deposition is caused by pituitary dysfunction, often accompanied by excessive fat deposition in the hip. The near-infrared scan can identify hypertrophic breast tissue and excessive fat deposition.
