restless legs syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to restless legs syndrome Restlesslegssyndrome (RLS) is also known as restless leg syndrome or restless leg syndrome. RLS can occur in all age groups, but it is more common in the 40-year-old. The symptoms mainly occur in the lower limbs, but it can also affect the thighs and feet. It can be heavy on one side, or only on one side of the lower limbs, but the upper limbs and The hand is rarely affected. The affected limbs are deeply sour, numbness burning, insect crawling, itching and other painful sensations are the main manifestations of the paroxysmal disease. The symptoms appear at rest, but work during the day, no symptoms appear during labor or exercise. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.7-7% Susceptible people: more common in the 40-year-old Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sleep disorders, insomnia
Cause
Causes of restless leg syndrome
Causes:
It is currently believed that restless leg syndrome belongs to the central nervous system disease, and the specific cause has not been fully elucidated. Mainly divided into primary and secondary, patients with primary restless leg syndrome often accompanied by family history, it is currently believed that BTBD9, Meis1, MAP2K5, LBXCOR1 and other genes may be related to restless legs syndrome; secondary restless leg synthesis Patients can be found in iron deficiency anemia, pregnant women or maternal, late kidney disease, rheumatic diseases, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, type II hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, type I/II spinocerebellar ataxia and multiple sclerosis .
Parkinson's disease (35%):
Tremor palsy, also known as Parkinson's disease, is a chronic central nervous system disease that affects the patient's ability to move. It occurs mostly in middle-aged and older people. The main manifestations of this disease include static tremor, muscle rigidity, slow movement, and motion start. Difficulties and abnormal postures.
Multiple sclerosis (25%):
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It is common in young and middle-aged patients. The clinical features are widespread dissemination of lesions. Symptoms of neurological damage that often resolve recurrence are often seen during the course of the disease. The disease is located in the brain or spinal cord. Nerve cells have many dendritic nerve fibers, which are like intricate wires.
Pathogenesis:
The pathogenesis of this syndrome is not very clear. Some people speculate that it is related to the accumulation of tissue metabolites caused by blood circulation disorders in the foot. Some people think that this syndrome is more common in anemia, diabetes, alcoholism and vitamin deficiency. It is considered to be a metabolic disorder.
Prevention
Restless leg syndrome prevention
1. Eliminate and reduce or avoid the disease factors, improve the living environment, develop good living habits, prevent infection, pay attention to food hygiene, and rational diet.
2. Pay attention to exercise, increase the body's ability to resist disease, do not over-fatigue, excessive consumption, quit smoking and alcohol, maintain balance, and overcome anxiety and tension.
3. Early detection of early diagnosis and early treatment, establish confidence in the fight against disease, adhere to treatment, remember to be impatient.
Complication
Restless leg syndrome complications Complications, sleep disorders, insomnia
Can be complicated by sleep disorders and insomnia.
Symptom
Symptoms of restless legs syndrome Common symptoms Two legs are not the same as long, insomnia, involuntary movement, sleep, periodic leg movement, sleep disorder, restlessness, itchy itch
Its main clinical manifestations are as follows.
1. Uneasy, often walk around when you are resting, or keep rubbing your legs. When you are lying in bed, you often turn over or shake your body.
2. Feeling abnormal, there is a crawling uncomfortable feeling in the deep thighs during rest, especially in the early morning and at night, often affected by both sides, forcing patients to move their legs frequently.
3. Periodic leg movement during sleep, which is a rigid flexion movement, and at least 40 leg movements occur during 6 hours of sleep.
4. Involuntary leg movement when waking up, involuntary flexion movement of the lower limb often occurs during rest in a lying position or sitting position.
5. Sleep disorders, often caused by insomnia due to abnormal feelings and leg movements.
6. Nighttime aggravation, although there may be abnormalities during the daytime rest, leg movements and restlessness, but there is a clear tendency to aggravate at night.
Examine
Restless leg syndrome check
Routine laboratory tests are normal. For patients with recent symptoms, blood glucose, serum iron, ferritin, folic acid, vitamin B12, creatinine, and thyroid stimulating hormone should be checked.
There was no obvious positive finding in the nervous system, and EEG and EMG were normal.
Electromyography is a biocurrent that describes the activity of neuromuscular units to determine the functional state of the neuromuscular muscles, in combination with clinical diagnosis of the disease, and the use of electromyography can help distinguish the myogenic or neurogenicity of the lesion. . For the diagnosis of nerve root compression, EMG has a unique value.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of restless legs syndrome
Diagnostic criteria
Diagnosis can be made based on clinical manifestations and characteristics. In 1995, the International Restless Leg Syndrome Research Committee (IRLSSG) developed four diagnostic criteria:
1. Because of the abnormal feeling, the feeling of decline can not help to move the affected limb.
2. Sports are restless.
3. Onset or aggravation at rest, relieve after activity.
4. The symptoms worsened after falling asleep at night.
Differential diagnosis
Need to be differentiated from Parkinson's disease and other sleep disorders and insomnia.
