hair cyst
Introduction
Introduction to hair cysts Trichilemmalcyst, also known as trichilemmalcysts, is an autosomal dominant hair cyst that originates in the isthmus of the hair during the growing period or around the follicles of the degenerating and stationary hairs. The hair cyst is easily ejected. A solid, smooth, white sac cyst can be diagnosed based on clinical presentation and histopathology. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:
Cause
Hair cyst cause
(1) Causes of the disease
Mostly autosomal dominant inheritance.
(two) pathogenesis
Hair cysts originate from the isthmus of the hair during the growing season or around the hair follicles of the degenerative and stationary hairs.
Prevention
Hair cyst prevention
The etiology of this disease is still unclear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy. It is also considered to be related to chromosomes, so it is impossible to directly prevent the disease against the cause. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are important for indirect prevention of this disease, and can also reduce the incidence of infection complications. For patients with existing infections, antibiotics should be used as soon as possible.
Complication
Hair cyst complications Complication
Patients often have acne-like lesions such as cystic nodules and pustules. The association of this disease with the tumor may be accidental. In addition, due to the destruction of skin integrity, it may cause skin bacterial infection or fungal infection due to patient scratching, usually secondary to low constitution, or long-term use of immunosuppressive agents and fungal infections such as nail fungus, such as concurrent bacterial infections. May have fever, skin swelling, ulceration and purulent secretion and other performance. Severe cases can lead to sepsis, which should be brought to the attention of clinicians.
Symptom
Symptoms of hair cysts Common symptoms Dry hair, fragile hair, bifurcated cyst, hair hyperplasia, pulsatile mass
Clinically, this cyst can not be distinguished from epidermal cyst. The difference is that about 90% of hair cysts occur in the scalp, which is rarer than epidermal cysts, usually single, but also multiple; female incidence is much higher than male, in addition to epidermal cyst In contrast, hair cysts are easily ejected, showing a firm, smooth, white cyst.
It can be diagnosed according to clinical manifestations and histopathology.
Examine
Examination of hair cysts
Histopathology: The wall of the capsule is usually located in the lower part of the reticular layer. The wall of the capsule is composed of 3-4 layers of thick keratinocytes. The keratinocytes rapidly differentiate into dense homogenous keratin, but no granular layer, hair cyst. It is characterized by the apparent lack of intercellular bridge between the keratinocytes and the surrounding nucleus. The contents of the capsule are composed of homogenized eosinophils. Occasionally, there are cholesterol cracks in the keratin, and about 1/4 of the hair cysts are calcified. When the wall is broken, it can cause foreign matter to react, and then the wall of the capsule partially or completely disintegrates.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of hair cyst
The disease should be differentiated from the head lice. After invading the stratum corneum of the scalp, the larvae grow and multiply, and soon form a needle or mung bean-sized herpes on the hair root, which then becomes pustules. The pustules dry and form a sulphur-colored cognac. The skin lesions are enlarged, the skin is thickened, the edges are lifted, the center is attached to the scalp and slightly sagged, and the center is covered with hair shafts. The appearance is like a dish, called dish-shaped jaundice. Astragalus membranaceus is composed of Trichophyton rubrum and exfoliated epithelial cells, which are fragile and highly contagious. Firmly remove the suede, under which is a bright red moist erosion surface or shallow ulcer, which is prone to secondary bacterial infection, causing a uriney smell of rats, accompanied by swelling of nearby lymph nodes. Hair invades due to the invasion of pathogens, becomes dull or curved, is easy to remove, but does not break, and finally the hair follicles are destroyed, leaving atrophic scars and permanent alopecia. Disc-shaped jaundice, atrophic scars, and permanent alopecia are the three clinical features of jaundice. If Huangqi is not treated in time, the continuous development of skin lesions may involve the entire scalp, forming a wide range of alopecia scars, but a normal hair band of 1 to 2 cm may be left at the hairline, and a few normal hairs may be scattered in the scar. Itching is intense, but it can spread itself because of scratching.
