Marburg virus disease
Introduction
Introduction to Marburg virus disease Marburg virus disease is a newly recognized viral hemorrhagic disease in Europe, and its storage host is unknown. Marburg virus disease first occurred in Europe in 1967 and isolated the virus. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: contact spread Complications: shock
Cause
The cause of Marburg virus disease
Cause:
Marburg virus is classified into the filamentous virus family, has similar morphological features, is pleomorphic and has many singular shapes, most of which are rod-shaped. The central nucleus of 50-80 nm diameter contains the genome of the virus, all of which contain single strands. RNA genome.
Pathogenesis:
Marburg virus disease produces persistent viremia, but the exact mechanism of pathology is unclear. Pathological changes include skin, mucous membranes, soft tissues, internal organs and intestinal hemorrhage, focal necrosis, liver, lymphatic system, testicular and ovarian damage. The most extensive, hepatocyte necrosis is a prominent feature, scattered and focal; more common small inclusions and Kangsman-like bodies, glomerular can have fibrin thrombosis, diffuse inflammation in the brain and between Edema.
Prevention
Marburg virus disease prevention
The disease is very harmful, and there is no specific treatment at present. Therefore, prevention should be emphasized. Generally can take:
1, away from the source of infection
Mainly to strictly quarantine patients.
2, blocking the route of transmission
Medical personnel should strictly implement protective measures to cut off the possible routes of transmission.
Complication
Marburg virus disease complications Complications
Concurrent shock, heart failure, renal failure and liver failure.
Symptom
Marburg virus disease symptoms common symptoms chills nausea convulsions gastrointestinal bleeding loss of appetite diarrhea drowsiness joint pain back pain coma
Marburg virus disease incubation period of 3 to 9 days, acute onset, chills, rapid rise in body temperature, accompanied by severe headache, back pain, body muscle joint pain and discomfort, may have loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, stool It is watery and can carry mucus and blood. After 3 to 8 days of onset, red maculopapular rash often appears in the trunk and quickly spreads to the whole body. Finally, it merges into a piece. The body temperature reaches a peak in 3 to 4 days, and it gradually declines in 1 to 2 weeks. Some patients have a second fever, usually within 4 to 5 days of the onset of the patient into a dangerous period, extreme lethargy and mental changes, convulsions and finally coma.
About half of patients with Marburg virus disease have spontaneous bleeding, especially respiratory and gastrointestinal bleeding, for unknown reasons.
Examine
Marburg virus disease check
The number of white blood cells was significantly reduced. Atypical plasmacytoid lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were seen in blood smears accompanied by acquired Pelger Huet nuclear abnormalities, thrombocytopenia, decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and Amylase can be elevated, urea nitrogen is increased, protein and potassium are lowered, and prothrombin time is prolonged.
The Marburg virus can be isolated by cell culture and animal inoculation, and specific antibodies can be detected by immunofluorescence.
Viral nucleic acids are also detected by double-anti-sandwich method for detection of viral antigens and PCR techniques, but these tests must be performed in a P4 laboratory to prevent the spread of infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of Marburg virus disease
According to the history of epidemiology, there is a corresponding clinical manifestation, IgM titer of virus or specific antibody is above 1:8, and IgG titer above 1264 can confirm Ebola or Marburg virus disease.
It should be differentiated from viral hemorrhagic fever.
