skin meningioma
Introduction
Introduction to skin meningioma The cutaneous meningioma is also called the sandy meningioma (psammoma), and the primary skin meningioma is also called the residual meningocele (rudimentary meningocele). The disease is a developmental defect, which occurs in the head, the forehead, and occasionally in the external auditory canal. Due to the appearance of meningeal cells outside the skull, the skin meningiomas are mostly benign, spherical or nodular, and grow in the brain parenchyma. Outside, but often embedded in the cerebral hemisphere. The blood supply of meningioma is extremely rich, because the tumor often receives blood from many sources such as the external carotid artery, the internal carotid artery or the vertebral basilar artery. This type of tumor grows very slowly, so sometimes the tumor grows large and the symptoms do not appear. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: scoliosis
Cause
Cause of skin meningioma
(1) Causes of the disease
At present, most believe that biological, chemical or physical stimulating factors, cancerous tissues of normal tissues or embryos, and unrestricted proliferation.
Physical factors (27%):
The data indicate that radiation can induce skin, lips, tongue, and esophageal cancer. After several years of radiation therapy of brain tumors, tumors of other nature occur in the irradiated area. Animal experiments have found that radiation can change tissue (cancer), and the mechanism is radiation. The oncogene of intracranial fibroblasts or meningeal endothelial cells is mutated to cause canceration of the cells.
Chemical factors (25%):
Animal experiments have confirmed that a variety of chemicals can induce brain tumors (various gliomas, meningioma, sarcoma, epithelial cancer, pituitary adenoma, etc.), common steroids such as methyl choline, diphenyl hydrazine, benzene And compared with N-nitrous acid compounds, such as nitrosopiperidine, dinitrosopiperazine, methyl nitrosourea and the like.
Biological factors (23%):
Experiments have confirmed that viruses (such as adenovirus, monkey vacuolating virus (SV40), sarcoma virus, etc.) can induce intracranial tumors in poultry and vertebrates. The virus is inserted into the chromosome of the cell, changing the characteristics of the chromosomal gene and making the cell The characteristics of proliferation have changed.
Congenital and genetic factors (12%):
During the process of embryonic development, some cells or tissues can stop growing and remain in the brain. They have the potential to differentiate and can develop into brain tumors. Common cases include craniopharyngioma, chordoma, teratoma, epithelioid and dermoid cysts. These congenital residual embryonic cells undergo mutations through the action of viruses, radiation, and carcinogenic chemicals, and progress toward the development of cancer.
(two) pathogenesis
The mechanism of occurrence has not been fully elucidated.
Prevention
Skin meningioma prevention
There are generally no special precautions. Pay attention to maintain adequate sleep, avoid overwork, pay attention to work and rest, pay attention to the regularity of life. Reasonable diet, diet should be light, avoid spicy spicy food.
Avoid eating cancer-causing foods: such as cinnamon; avoid spicy foods such as peppers, peppers, and ginger; avoid eating foods rich in oil: lard, butter, and sheep oil.
Complication
Skin meningioma complications Complications scoliosis
There may be scoliosis or no serious complications.
Symptom
Symptoms of skin meningioma Common symptoms Nodular calcification of the frontal mass
Primary skin meningioma is rare, clinical manifestations are inconsistent, all occur in the scalp or paraspinal area, can be small and hard fibrous calcified nodules, occurring in the head, forehead, occasionally in the external auditory canal, common in Within 1 year after birth, or see the lumps of the spine and the back of the kidney with scoliosis, it can also be seen that there is a bulging mass after the forehead, no tenderness or conscious pain.
Examine
Examination of skin meningiomas
Histopathology: Diagnostic value, the tumor is mainly located under the skin, the boundary is unclear, composed of cell cords with large, round ovate vesicular nucleus and granular cytoplasm, arranged in a spiral shape, common psammoma bodies.
Immunohistochemistry: Tumor cells are positive for epithelial membrane antigen and wavy fibrin, and other antigens such as S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase and cytokeratin are also positive.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of skin meningioma
Primary skin meningiomas are rare, with small, hard fibrous calcified nodules, mostly occurring in the head skin, occasionally in the external auditory canal, often occurring several years after birth, and also in adults. Skin meningioma is more common in intracranial meningioma. Since the tumor erodes the skull, or extends to the subcutaneous through the skull defect, it is clinically manifested as a solid subcutaneous nodule that adheres to the skin.
