Chloroquine poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to chloroquine poisoning Chloroquine poisoning (chloroquinepoisoning) is often caused by excessive oral dose or long-term medication. If the dose exceeds 3 times of the prescribed dose, it can cause severe poisoning. Occasionally, the therapeutic dose is used and serious toxicity occurs. The toxicity of the injectable drug is large, and the rapid injection rate can cause sudden death. The original myocardial lesions, liver and kidney dysfunction, lack of potassium, physical weakness, and the application of digitalis are easy to cause poisoning. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the incidence of the disease is about 0.0007%-0.0009% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: coma, shock, deafness
Cause
Cause of chloroquine poisoning
Excessive use of chloroquine drugs causes symptoms of poisoning.
Prevention
Chloroquine poisoning prevention
Pay attention to strict indications and long-term use of drugs should pay attention to its side effects and toxicity.
Complication
Chloroquine poisoning complications Complications, coma, shock, deafness
Severe cases can occur coma, shock, respiratory depression and cardiac arrest, because this product can enter the fetus through the placenta, resulting in fetal deafness and deformity, so pregnant women are banned.
Symptom
Chloroquine poisoning symptoms Common symptoms weakness, dizziness, nausea, blood pressure, dysphagia, skin itching, tinnitus, deafness, lethargy, visual impairment
Side effects of general therapeutic doses: nausea, vomiting, burning of the mouth and upper abdomen, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, visual impairment, itchy skin, cyanosis, rash, etc., occasional involuntary movement, ventricular fibrillation, misuse of large amounts In case of poisoning, there may be respiratory and pulse acceleration, blood pressure drop, lethargy, coma, convulsions, arrhythmia, and even A-Syndrome (this condition is also seen when applying general therapeutic dose), resulting in cardiac arrest, or Injury due to respiratory failure, in addition, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in children with chloroquine can occur after hemolysis and acute renal failure.
Long-term medication can cause retinopathy, visual disturbances such as blurred vision, diplopia, photophobia, and even blindness, tinnitus, deafness, etc., other rashes, dermatitis, purpura, hair loss, pigmentation, or whitening of hair. Leukocytes, granulocytes, platelets or whole blood cells, toxic psychosis; a few cases of muscle weakness, drooping eyelids, chewing and difficulty swallowing.
Examine
Chloroquine poisoning check
Biochemical examination: granulocyte and thrombocytopenia can occur.
Electrocardiogram: There may be a flat T wave, a prolonged QT interval or an elevated ST segment.
Radiological examination.
EEG.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of chloroquine poisoning
It can be diagnosed based on medical history, clinical manifestations and laboratory tests.
Identification with other antimalarial drug poisoning includes quinine, pyrimethamine poisoning:
1. Quinine poisoning involves the gastrointestinal nervous system cardiovascular system skin, and has a depressing effect on the activity of various enzymes, auditory and visual impairment, the clinical manifestations are mainly headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, Diarrhea, sweating, visual impairment: such as blurred vision, color vision confusion, photophobia, double vision blindness, dilated pupils, blindness, hearing impairment: such as tinnitus auditory hallucinations, hearing loss, etc., or skin red rash itching, asthma , angioedema, occasionally anaphylactic shock.
2. Pyrimethamine poisoning, clinical manifestations of 1/2-6 hours after taking the drug, symptoms of toxic, nausea, vomiting, stomach burning, abdominal pain, thirst, dizziness, headache, irritability, blurred vision, palpitations, serious Poisoning cases can have high fever, shortness of breath, convulsions, dilated pupils, rapid coma and respiratory and circulatory failure.
