lymphoma cell leukemia
Introduction
Introduction to lymphoma cell leukemia Lymphoma cell leukemia (LCL) is a lymphoma cell that spreads extensively into the bone marrow and appears in peripheral blood with a decrease in normal blood cells. The leukemia is called lymphoma cells. leukemia. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001%-0.008% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion
Cause
Lymphoma cell leukemia cause
Causes:
Lymphoma cells are widely disseminated to the bone marrow in the post-surgical stage of lymphoma and appear in peripheral blood.
Pathogenesis:
The pathological type of lymphoma cell leukemia is low, moderately malignant small cell type and small cell type, and the high-grade malignant primordial lymphocyte type is more common, low-grade malignant B cell small lymphocyte type is the most common, lymphoblastic leukemia. Accounting for 66% to 82%, immunophenotypic T cells are more likely to be associated with leukemia than B cells.
Since lymphoma cells infiltrate the bone marrow, anemia and thrombocytopenia can occur, the number of white blood cells increases, and there are a number of lymphoma cells, and the bone marrow can show a consistent increase in lymphoma cells.
The way of lymphoma bone marrow infiltration can be divided into four types:
1 type of quality: naive lymphoma cells scattered between the granules, red, and giant three normal hematopoietic cells;
2 nodular type: the tumor cells are nodularly distributed along or between the trabecular bone, and the normal hematopoietic tissue is between the nodules and the nodules;
3 mixed type: nodules and interstitial types exist in one slice at the same time;
4 diffuse homogenization: lymphoma cells diffuse homogenous infiltration, granules, red, giant three cells significantly reduced or lacked, type 1 and 2 chemotherapy with high remission rate, good prognosis, especially type 1 best effect, this type is clinical There is no splenomegaly and lymphoma cell leukemia. Most of the type 2 is B-cell lymphoma, which is the most prone to splenomegaly. The type 4 chemotherapy has the lowest remission rate, the most likely to be associated with lymphoma cell leukemia, and the prognosis is the worst. The author believes that the process of lymphoma involving the bone marrow is developed from interstitial to nodular diffuse homogeneous type. The volume of lymphoma cells in the bone marrow is divided into light, medium and severe infiltration by semi-quantitative observation. Lymphoma involves the lighter bone marrow, and the lower the incidence of lymphoma in patients with lymphoma, the better the curative effect. Conversely, the heavier and more likely to be complicated with lymphoma cell leukemia, the worse the curative effect.
Prevention
Lymphoma cell leukemia prevention
Because the cause of lymphoma patients is not very clear, the prevention methods are: 1 minimize infection, avoid exposure to radiation and other harmful substances, especially drugs that have an inhibitory effect on immune function; 2 exercise properly, enhance physical fitness, Improve your disease resistance.
Complication
Lymphoma cell leukemia complications Complications, pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion
1. Infection, fever is a common complication.
2. Combined with serous effusion, symptoms such as pleural effusion, ascites, and pericardial effusion may occur.
Symptom
Lymphoma cell leukemia symptoms Common symptoms Lymph node enlargement Hepatosplenomegaly Ascites fever Pleural effusion Skin mucosal bleeding Pericardial effusion
The disease often manifests as progressive lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, occasional spleen, mediastinal lymphadenopathy can be complicated by superior vena cava compression, anemia is further aggravated, skin mucosal hemorrhage, fever, can still affect the skin, bone and joint , the nervous system, can appear pleural effusion, ascites and pericardial effusion.
Examine
Examination of lymphoma cell leukemia
Blood picture
The number of white blood cells is often increased. Lymphoma cells are often >10% when classified, and hemoglobin, red blood cells, and platelet counts are reduced to varying degrees.
2. Bone marrow
Hyperplasia is marked or extremely active, lymphoma cells reach 20% to 95%, and mitosis is easy to see.
The number of basket cells increased, and the erythroid, granulocyte, and megakaryocytes were reduced to varying degrees.
3. Immunological testing
There are T or B lymphocyte surface markers, respectively.
4. According to clinical manifestations, symptoms and signs are selected for X-ray, CT, MRI, B-ultrasound, electrocardiogram and other examinations.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of lymphoma cell leukemia
diagnosis
Patients with pathological diagnosis of NHL or HD can be diagnosed if more than 10% of peripheral blood appears or 20% of lymphoma cells are seen in the bone marrow.
Differential diagnosis
LCL mainly needs to be differentiated from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 1LCL blood and clinical are inconsistent. The blood picture is normal at the onset, and the blood is abnormal with ALL on the onset of the disease. 2LCL and ALL lymph nodes are different in characteristics, and a part of LCL is different. Lymph node enlargement is obvious, ALL lymph nodes are more evenly swollen, LCL pleural infiltration and mediastinal swelling are common; 3LCL cells have different cell bodies, cytoplasmic eosinophilic, thick chromatin, clear nucleolus, dark blue.
