ear fungal disease
Introduction
Introduction to ear fungal disease Otozoosis is also known as fungal otitis externa, an acute, subacute or chronic auricle and external auditory canal infection caused by fungi. It is a common disease, accounting for 15% to 20% of ear infections. It is caused by fungal infection. Such infections are also known as deafness, and the fungi that cause auricle infections are mainly dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichosporon. The clinical manifestations are auricle sputum, external ear canal mycosis, auricular sputum with compound ralassosin or guanconazole cream, and external ear canal fungal disease should first remove bracts and sputum. Then topical nystatin ointment. Otozoosis is a common disease, accounting for 15% to 20% of ear infections. It occurs mostly in the tropics. The subtropical warm and humid areas can be reached at any age, but it is most common in 20-40 years old. Side and more on the right side, may be related to the right hand to dig easily, summer is good, the fungus causing auricle infection is mainly dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichosporon Etc., from the direct spread of the head and face sputum or direct or indirect contact infection of the hand, foot, sputum, armor, etc., this type of infection is also known as deafness. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: pruritus
Cause
Etiology of ear fungal disease
It is easy to handle with your right hand (25%):
Otozoosis is a common disease, accounting for 15% to 20% of ear infections. It occurs mostly in the tropics. The subtropical warm and humid areas can be reached at any age, but it is most common in 20-40 years old. Side and more on the right side, may be related to the right hand to dig easily, summer is good, the fungus causing auricle infection is mainly dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichosporon Etc., from the direct spread of the head and face sputum or direct or indirect contact infection of the hand, foot, sputum, armor, etc., this type of infection is also known as deafness.
Pathogen infection (35%):
Most of the pathogens causing infection of the external auditory canal are Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Among them, Aspergillus niger accounts for more than 90%. Others include Candida, Kenshin, Absidia, Echinosporium, Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, Cofidae, etc. Mostly from the fall of aerial spores, 80% to 90% of external auditory canal can be found in various bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Proteus, Micrococcal, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium, etc. When coexisting, the fungal infection can be aggravated.
Skin lesions in the ear (20%):
Localized skin lesions such as external ear canal eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc., as well as localized moist, external ear canal damage such as ear and long-term topical use of antibiotics and corticosteroids are important predisposing factors.
Pathogenesis
The fungi causing auricle infection are mainly dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichosporon spp., which are derived from direct spread of head and face or hand, foot and ankle, body sputum, hyperthyroidism, etc. Direct or indirect contact infection, this type of infection is also known as deafness. Most of the pathogens causing infection of the external auditory canal are Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Among them, Aspergillus niger accounts for more than 90%, ear canal eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis. Etc. and local moistness, external ear canal damage such as ear and long-term topical use of antibiotics and corticosteroids are important predisposing factors.
Prevention
Ear fungal disease prevention
1. Keep the external auditory canal dry, do not use unclean things to dig ear, wash the water into the ear and wash it in time, drip alcohol, and use antibiotics and hormones reasonably.
2. Avoid irritating drugs and ear to ear with unclean items. Especially after entering the water in the ear, dry the ear as soon as possible. If the ear is wet in the ear for a long time, it may cause mold infection.
3. Remove all molting and secretions from the external auditory canal and apply ear with 1-2% salicylic acid alcohol or 1-2% thymol alcohol. Nystatin can also be sprayed on the external auditory canal or coated with Dakening cream. Try to keep the external auditory canal dry.
Complication
Ear fungal disease complications Complications pruritus
Fungal infections in the ear are often accompanied by itching of the external auditory canal. Patients often like to scratch, but during the process of scratching by hand, fungal infection of nails can cause fungal infections of other skin and diseases such as nail fungus.
Symptom
Symptoms of otomatosis common symptoms scaly papules itching cup-shaped ear auricle scars hearing loss
1. Auricle sputum: Begins with red papules, blisters, and then desquamation and gradually spread to a large area of erythema, covering the scales, clear edges, papules or blisters, extending to the external auditory canal, whole ear, neck and face, patients There is a history of topical topical corticosteroids, consciously itching is obvious, often one side, can be accompanied by hand and foot sputum, body sputum, head lice, etc., scraping scaly plus 10% KOH liquid direct microscopic examination to see the branches separated hyphae, culture There are dermatophytes growing.
2. External ear canal fungal disease: The external ear canal fungal disease is caused by fungi other than dermatophytes. If the pathogenic bacteria is dermatophytes, it should be called external auditory canal. The external ear canal mycosis mainly manifests as erythema of the external auditory canal, scales, edema or scarring, and accumulation of sputum. Conscious itch, fullness of the ear or hearing loss, sometimes pain, if accompanied by bacterial infection, there are pus and odor, severe cases can involve ear cartilage.
3. The external auditory canal is mostly tubular, with fluffy or powdery fungus growing on the surface. The color is black, yellow, green, gray and brown depending on the pathogen. The epidermis is red and swollen, and the tympanic membrane can be mildly eroded. Congestive, thickened or with wet secretions.
4. Take the sputum or bracts and add 10% KOH solution to check the visible hyphae and spores. Sometimes the conidial head is visible and the fungus grows.
Examine
Examination of ear fungal diseases
There is a small amount of empyema in the ear canal, which can be directly inspected and cultured. There is bacterial growth, which is helpful for diagnosis.
Take the sputum or bracts and add 10% KOH solution to check the visible hyphae and spores. Sometimes the conidial head is visible and the fungus grows.
The findings may vary depending on the type of fungus and the extent of the disease. Commonly, the external auditory canal has white, gray, yellow or black smoke, which is like a film or a fan. It looks like mold, sometimes it is simple and blocky. After removing the coating, the skin of the external auditory canal is hyperemia, swelling, mild erosion, or a small amount of oozing, placing the mildew on the glass slide, dropping a little 10% potassium hydroxide solution, sealing and heating appropriately. When the mycelium or buds are seen under the microscope, the diagnosis can be confirmed.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of ear fungal diseases
Diagnosis can be based on clinical performance and direct examination.
The external auditory canal disease should be differentiated from bacterial external auditory canal. The latter generally has an acute onset, redness, swelling and heat pain, especially earache. Chronic otitis externa is consciously itching. There is a small amount of empyema in the ear canal. Direct examination and culture are available. Bacterial growth.
