Gastrointestinal cancer
Introduction
Introduction to Gastrointestinal Cancer Gastrointestinal cancer, colon and rectal cancer is the second most common primary tumor, and is the most common visceral tumor that metastasizes to the skin. Most occur in the rectum, accounting for 11% to 19% of male skin metastatic cancer, and 1.3% to 9% of women. Colorectal cancer is usually found before skin metastasis, and skin metastases from the gallbladder and bile duct can be seen when the primary tumor is found, or as early as 40 years after the primary tumor is removed. Skin metastases from the stomach and pancreas usually occur before the discovery of the primary tumor, usually from the abdominal wall, perineum and umbilicus. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: 0.01%-0.02% (the incidence rate is about 0.01%-0.02%, the incidence of chronic gastritis and enteritis patients can reach 1%) Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Gastrointestinal tract with cancer syndrome Suppurative sweat gland inflammation Gastrointestinal cancer skin metastasis
Cause
Causes of gastrointestinal cancer
Intestinal lymphatic obstruction (30%):
The increase in intestinal interstitial pressure makes the protein-rich intestinal mesenchy not only unable to remain in the interstitial or absorbed into the blood circulation, but instead causes it to overflow into the intestinal lumen and lose intestinal inflammation. The mechanism responsible for protein-losing gastrointestinal disorders is unclear, probably due to exudation of extracellular fluids and inflammatory fluids in the inflammatory zone.
Prevention
Gastrointestinal cancer prevention
A reasonable diet can take more high-fiber and fresh vegetables and fruits, balanced nutrition, including essential nutrients such as protein, sugar, fat, vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber, with a combination of vegetarian and vegetarian foods. The complementary role of nutrients in food is also helpful in preventing this disease.
Complication
Gastrointestinal cancer complications Complications gastrointestinal tract with cancer syndrome suppurative sweat gland inflammation gastrointestinal cancer skin metastasis
May be complicated by cancer syndrome, suppurative sweat gland inflammation, etc., can also be transferred to the skin and gastrointestinal cancer skin metastasis.
Symptom
Gastrointestinal cancer symptoms Common symptoms Outbreak pain Skin metastasis without sweat gland ductal keratin... Implanted nodular inflammatory lesions Endometriosis Inflammatory cell infiltration Gastrointestinal lymphatic drainage blocked
Colon and rectal cancer with flesh-colored pedicle or drape nodules, inflammatory cancer, clusters of vascular nodules, or occasionally perianal nodules and inflammatory lesions suggesting suppurative sweat glands, gastric, pancreatic and gallbladder cancer metastasis When it comes to the skin, it usually has nodular and scleroderma-like plaques. Clinically, short-term (6 to 12 months) rapid growth of tumor nodules, distributed in the vicinity of the primary tumor surgery area or the corresponding lymphatic drainage area, and its histopathological morphology is similar to the primary tumor.
Examine
Gastrointestinal cancer examination
Histopathology: The metastatic carcinoma of the skin from the large intestine is mainly secreted secretory mucin-secreting adenocarcinoma. In some cases, it is the appearance of mucinous carcinoma. The skin metastasis is less common in poorly differentiated cells. Therefore, it is difficult to recognize that it is the epithelial origin. The metastatic carcinoma of the skin from the stomach is often an anaplastic invasive carcinoma, and the number of indwelling cells containing intracellular mucin is in a loose or fibrous matrix.
Special staining and immunohistochemistry: Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma contains sputum mucins including neutral and non-sulfate mucopolysaccharides, PAS-positive and amylase-resistant, tumor cells positive for cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen, but huge cystic disease liquid protein -15 (GCDFP-15), prostate specific antigen (PSA) or prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) negative.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical performance and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
1. Protein-losing gastrointestinal diseases: more common in gastric cancer and colon cancer, due to the necrosis of cancer tissue, the permeability of the corresponding gastrointestinal mucosa is increased, the plasma protein is leaked from the gastrointestinal tract, and the cancer is compressed and blocked. Caused by gastrointestinal lymphatic drainage blocked, lymphatic vessel rupture caused a large number of protein loss, clinically with low proteinemia and edema as the main performance.
Second, small intestine villi atrophy: can be seen in colon cancer rectal cancer is mainly characterized by diarrhea.
Third, diarrhea dehydration and shock: mainly found in colonic villus adenoma, occasionally in the digestive tract APUD system tumors, such as VIP uterine gastrinoma and pancreatic polypeptide tumors, etc., manifested as secretory diarrhea, can lead to loss of water and electrolyte disorders, and even shock.
