sternoclavicular joint dislocation
Introduction
Introduction to sternocleidal joint dislocation The sterno-lock joint consists of an enlarged inner end of the clavicle and an articular surface of the sternal notch with a cartilage disc in between. The stability of the sterno-lock joint mainly depends on the joint capsule, the anterior and posterior ligament ligament and the interclavicular ligament. The normal sterno-lock joint has an activity range of about 40°. The joints of the proximal clavicle and the proximal sternum and the sternum stalk are separated and displaced, which occurs in young adults, and more men than women. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the probability of the population is 0.004% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: difficulty swallowing
Cause
Causes of sternosacral joint dislocation
External force (40%):
The external force causes the shoulder to extend excessively backward. The proximal end of the clavicle is supported by the first rib. By leveraging, the front and lower dislocations occur. If the external force causes the shoulder to sag, the inner end of the clavicle can be backward, which can cause posterior dislocation. After severe dislocation, it can compress large blood vessels, trachea and esophagus, causing shortness of breath, dysphagia and other complications. If the external force only causes the ligament ligament rupture, it is a subluxation, if the ligament ligament and the ligament ligament break at the same time.
Prevention
Chest lock dislocation prevention
1. Calcium supplementation: It should be based on food supplement, pay attention to the balance of nutrition, eat more dairy products, and should see more sunshine and vitamin D supplementation to promote calcium absorption. When necessary, appropriate amount of calcium supplements, such as calcium gluconate, giant energy calcium is a clinically inexpensive calcium supplement. However, it should be noted that calcium must be supplemented under the guidance of a doctor. Vitamin D is a carrier for calcium ions to be absorbed by the bone marrow. The calcium edge film is added with vitamin D, so that the body's absorption of calcium ions can be multiplied.
2, adhere to the right amount of physical exercise to prevent osteoporosis. Regular exercise can help protect the joints and prevent the occurrence of osteoarthrosis by strengthening the support of muscles, tendons and ligaments.
Complication
Complications of sternosacral joint dislocation Complications, difficulty swallowing
If the external force causes the shoulder to extend excessively backward, the proximal end of the clavicle is fulcrum with the first rib as the fulcrum. When the lever is used, the dislocation is forward and downward. If the external force causes the shoulder to sag, the inner end of the clavicle can be backward, which can cause posterior dislocation. . The inner end of the clavicle is located behind the rib to compress the trachea, esophagus or mediastinal blood vessels, causing difficulty in breathing, difficulty swallowing, and obstruction of blood circulation.
Symptom
Symptoms of sterno- articular dislocation common symptoms sternal tenderness, swallowing, joint deformity, difficulty breathing, joint swelling
Local pain swelling and tenderness are particularly obvious, the clavicular end is protruding, shifting forward, and there may be abnormal activities. After dislocation, because the clavicle end is located in the posterior sternum, the deformity is not obvious. Touching the anterior side of the sternocleidal joint is empty, and the inner end of the clavicle can compress the ribs to compress the trachea, esophagus or mediastinal blood vessels, causing difficulty in breathing, difficulty in swallowing, and blood circulation disorder.
Examine
Examination of sternocleidal joint dislocation
X-ray examination, it is best to take oblique or lateral X-ray film, combined with the diagnosis of trauma history, chest X-ray film often missed diagnosis. In this case, CT should be routinely scanned and the complications should be known. The diagnosis of sternocleidal joint dislocation mainly depends on clinical manifestations and imaging examination. Because the sterno-lock joint is located under the skin and the inner end of the clavicle is thicker, when the sterno-lock joint is dislocated, the local pain swelling and tenderness are particularly obvious. When the sterno-lock joint is dislocated, the clavicular end protrudes and shifts forward, sometimes abnormal. Activity, contrast examination of sterno-lock joints on both sides, deformity is more obvious, can often be diagnosed by palpation and X-ray lateral oblique chest radiograph.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of sternocleidal joint dislocation
Old sterno-sternal joint dislocation is easy to miss, and compression of the sternal organ causes cough and superficial venous engorgement should be differentiated from other diseases. Such as mediastinal goiter, if you do not oppress the surrounding organs, you can be asymptomatic, when the tumor enlarges, compressing the trachea, can cause irritation cough, belching, can also oppress the esophagus, produce dysphagia, sternal thyroid compression of the superior vena cava, resulting in Vena cava syndrome, causing facial edema, if the tumor compresses the recurrent laryngeal nerve, it can cause hoarseness, and some patients have hyperthyroidism. According to this, it can be distinguished from the dislocation of the sterno-lock joint.
