acute gastritis
Introduction
Introduction to acute gastritis Acute gastritis (acutegastritis) is an acute gastric mucosal inflammation caused by a variety of causes. Clinically acute onset, often manifested as upper abdominal symptoms. Endoscopic examination showed transient lesions such as gastric mucosal congestion, edema, hemorrhage, erosion (may be associated with superficial ulcers). Histopathological features showed inflammatory cell infiltration by neutrophils in the lamina propria of the gastric mucosa. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 10% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: dehydration
Cause
Cause of acute gastritis
Chemical factors (20%):
Aspirin and other drugs interfere with the synthesis of threose protein in gastric mucosal epithelial cells, which reduces gastric mucus and weakens the protective effect of lipoprotein membrane, resulting in gastric mucosal congestion, edema, erosion and hemorrhage. Prostaglandin synthesis is inhibited, and gastric mucosa is repaired. Also affected.
Biological factors (15%):
Bacteria and their toxins. Common pathogens are Salmonella, halophilic bacteria, pathogenic Escherichia coli, etc. Common toxins are Staphylococcus aureus or toxin bacilli, especially in the former. Gastroenteritis or a combination of enteritis and acute gastroenteritis can occur after eating food contaminated with bacteria or toxins for several hours. Staphylococcus and its toxins can also be combined with enteritis, and the onset is faster. In recent years, the number of patients with this disease has increased due to viral infection.
Physical factors (20%):
Too cold, overheated foods and beverages, strong tea, coffee, spirits, irritating condiments, and too rough food can stimulate the gastric mucosa and destroy the mucosal barrier.
Mental and neurological factors (10%):
Mental and neurological disorders, critical conditions of acute and severe illness, and abnormal (allergic) reactions in the body can cause acute inflammatory damage to the gastric mucosa.
Foreign body or stomach stone, stomach area radiation therapy (5%):
Can be used as an exogenous stimulus, leading to this disease.
Prevention
Acute gastritis prevention
1, life has festivals, daily life, adjust the mood, avoid overeating, excessive smoke, alcohol, tea, greasy, rough and irritating food.
2, timely diagnosis after the disease, timely treatment, treatment and combination, rehabilitation and rehabilitation.
Complication
Acute gastritis complications Complications dehydration
The disease has a short course of disease and is a self-limiting disease that can be recovered within a few days. However, severe cases may result in complications such as dehydration, acidosis, shock and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Symptom
Acute symptoms of gastritis Common symptoms Gastric mucosa damage Gastric mucosa Congestion Abdominal pain Nausea qi Diarrhea Appetite loss bowel nails Yellow fine shock
Multiple groups
Patients with recent history of NSAID, severe disease status, or heavy drinking, such as hematemesis and/or melena, should consider the possibility of acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis. The diagnosis depends on emergency gastroscopy.
According to the study, gastroscopy is performed on patients taking NSAIDs (especially traditional NSAIDs such as aspirin, indomethacin, etc.) or in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Most of them can be found to have acute erosive hemorrhagic manifestations of gastric mucosa, and there are many fecal occult blood tests. Positive. According to statistics, in all cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis caused by about 10% to 25%, is one of the common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Disease symptoms
There are often incentives such as improper diet, alcoholism, and stimulating drugs. Then there was upper abdominal pain, loss of appetite, belching, nausea, and vomiting. People who suffer from food poisoning are often accompanied by acute enteritis, umbilical solid pain, diarrhea, fever, loss of water, and even shock. May also be associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. Experience the upper abdominal and umbilical tenderness, bowel sounds hyperthyroidism, occasionally fever, pay attention to whether there is dehydration or even shock performance.
Most patients with acute gastritis have mild symptoms (such as abdominal discomfort or dull pain) or asymptomatic, or symptoms are covered by the primary disease, and most patients do not have clinically significant acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Patients who come to the hospital often pay attention to sudden hemorrhagic and/or black faecal upper gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms, often acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis.
Examine
Acute gastritis examination
1, urgently check blood, urine, stool routine, fecal occult blood (there should be blood test for patients with hematemesis, gastroscopy within 48 hours).
2, chest fluoroscopy, B-ultrasound, liver function, electrolytes, blood sugar, blood lipids, ECG, completed within 3 days.
3. Review of gastroscopy before discharge.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of acute gastritis
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made based on clinical manifestations and signs, and blood routine and emergency gastroscopy should be performed as appropriate. Gastric mucosal hemorrhage and erosive lesions were seen by gastroscopy. Gastroscopy can be performed within 24-48 hours after bleeding.
Differential diagnosis
It should be differentiated from early acute appendicitis, acute biliary scarring, acute pancreatitis, etc. Endoscopy is helpful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
