Intraspinal schwannoma
Introduction
Introduction to intraspinal schwannoma basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no specific population Complications: cerebrospinal fluid leakage edema
Cause
Intraspinal schwannoma etiology
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (30%):
Pathogenesis (30%):
Schwannomas can be divided into Schwann cell tumors or neurofibromas. Although tissue culture, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry support both neurofibroma and Schwann cell tumors have a common origin, that is, from Schwann cells, however, The morphology of neurofibromatosis suggests that other cells are involved, such as cells surrounding neurons, fibroblasts, etc. Due to differences in morphology, histology, and biological characteristics, neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma are considered to be two A relatively independent group, the histological features of neurofibromatosis are characterized by the presence of fibrous tissue and scattered nerve fibers in the tumor. In general, the tumor causes the affected nerve to produce a fusiform enlargement, and it is almost impossible to distinguish the boundary between the tumor and the nerve tissue. Multiple neurofibromas are often diagnosed as multiple neurofibromatosis. Schwann cell tumors are generally spherical and do not produce enlarged nerves, but when they are eccentrically grown and have obvious attachment points, the differential diagnosis is also Difficult, histological features of the elongated rhomboid bipolar cells, the nucleus is deeply stained and densely arranged, and the scattered stellate cells
Molecular changes at the gene level (30%):
Quite a number of viewpoints suggest that the occurrence and growth of tumors are mainly caused by molecular changes at the gene level. Many cancer formations are thought to be caused by loss of normal tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes. Two types of neurofibromatosis have been Widely studied, genetic studies suggest that NF1 and NF2 genes are located on the long arm of chromosomes 17 and 22, respectively. Both types of neurofibromatosis are autosomal dominant and have a high penetrance, NF1. The incidence is approximately 1 in 4000 births, half of which are scattered cases, caused by newer mutations. In addition to spinal nerve fibroma, NF1 clinical manifestations include caffeine pigmentation, skin nodules, skeletal abnormalities, subcutaneous neurofibroma, surrounding Plexid plexiform neuroma, complicated by some common tumors in children, such as optic nerve and hypothalamic glioma, ependymoma, intraspinal neurofibromatosis is less than neurofibromatosis occurring outside the spinal canal, NF1 gene coding Neuronal fibers belong to the GTPase activator family (220-KD), and GTP proteins are involved in the down-regulation of ras oncogenes by their ligand activation.Prevention
Intraspinal schwannoma prevention
Complication
Intraspinal schwannoma complications