Cholesterol pneumonia
Introduction
Introduction to cholesterol pneumonia Cholesterol pneumonia is a chronic inflammation caused by long-term deposition of cholesterol in the lungs. It can be roughly divided into primary and secondary. Secondary patients may be caused by chronic inflammation of the lungs, tuberculosis, abscesses, tumors, parasites, fibrosis, chest radiotherapy, dust stimulation and severe smoking. The disease is a rare case. By 1997, only 27 cases were domestic literature. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0006%-0.0008% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: fat embolism syndrome
Cause
Causes of cholesterol pneumonia
(1) Causes of the disease
The disease is a chronic inflammation caused by long-term deposition of cholesterol in the lungs. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are not well understood. It can be roughly divided into primary and secondary. Secondary patients may have chronic inflammation of the lungs and tuberculosis. Abscess, tumor, parasite, fibrosis, chest radiotherapy, dust stimulation and heavy smoking, Fan's summary of the domestic literature in a total of 27 cases of 12 cases of secondary, 15 cases of primary.
(two) pathogenesis
Some reported cholesterol crystals in the alveoli, and some reported that there are many foam cells in the alveoli. Li et al believe that this is one thing. Their case is a large amount of cholesterol crystals in the alveoli. According to Corrin et al., when type II alveolar epithelium When the cells are stimulated by some, the concentric annular eosinophils are formed. After being discharged into the alveolar space, they are swallowed into foam cells by macrophages. After the cells are destroyed, cholesterol crystals are formed. In the case of chronic inflammation, bronchial mucus Secretion of sedimentation, etc., promoted the occurrence of more cholesterol crystals. In the case of Lee's case, the alveolar wall epithelial cells contained a lot of heavy-folded lipids, but the alveolar space did not necessarily exist, and also supported the cholesterol-derived insights generated by the epithelium. There is no lipid precipitation such as arteriosclerosis in the whole body organs, which indicates that it is not caused by excessive systemic cholesterol.
Prevention
Cholesterol prevention
For patients who are bedridden or have cerebrovascular disease, especially those with dysphagia or reduced cough reflex, and elderly people with caution with oily compounds and drugs, especially when respiratory symptoms appear after use.
Complication
Chronic cholesterol pneumonia Complications, fat embolism syndrome
Fat embolism and lipid accumulation can occur.
Symptom
Cholesterol pneumonia symptoms Common symptoms Difficulty breathing, progressive, thinning, breath sounds, weakened pleural effusion
The signs are that the respiratory sounds of the lesions are weakened, the wet voices are fixed, and there are no abnormalities.
Examine
Cholesterol pneumonia check
1. Laboratory examination: Some patients have normal serum cholesterol levels.
2. Other auxiliary examination: X-ray chest radiograph sees lung block shadow, from (2cm × 2cm) ~ (8cm × 11cm) size, some edges are clear, some edges are unclear, and a few have lobes and burrs.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of cholesterol pneumonia
CT has a strong resolution on lipid structure. The CT value of cholesterol pneumonia is close to the lipid density of -150 to 60 HU, while the CT value of lung cancer is between 57 and 147 HU. Therefore, CT is of great benefit to diagnosis. The diagnosis of this disease may depend on traumatic techniques that can obtain large enough specimens, such as chest opening, window opening, and thoracoscopic specimens. Transbronchial lung biopsy often takes small specimens and cannot diagnose the disease.
