Nocardia scleritis
Introduction
Introduction to Nocardia scleritis Bacterial scleritis is a necrotizing anterior scleritis, which is associated with retinal detachment and silicone cushioning. Nocardia is a Gram-positive, aerobic, weakly acid-resistant strain of actinomycetes. The bacteria are widely distributed in nature and are often found in soil, grass and decaying plants. The most common cause of human infection is Nocardia. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: scleritis conjunctivitis keratitis
Cause
The cause of Nocardia scleritis
Causes:
Nocardia is a kind of Actinomycetes. It is positive for Gram stain, aerobic and weakly resistant to acid. It is widely distributed in nature and is often found in soil, grass and decaying plants. The most common infection in humans is nocardia asteroides. The occurrence and spread of Nocardia is related to the body's resistance, only in low resistance, especially secondary to leukemia, lymphoma, trauma or long-term application of immunity. After inhibiting the drug, many authors believe that Nocardia, especially Nocardia, is also a conditional pathogen.
Prevention
Nocardia scleritis prevention
Life restraint pays attention to rest, work and rest, life is orderly, and maintaining an optimistic, positive and upward attitude towards life is of great help in preventing diseases. Do the regularity of tea and rice, live daily, not overworked, open-minded, and develop good habits.
Complication
Nocardia scleritis complications Complications Scleritis conjunctivitis keratitis
The eyes showed scleritis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, endophthalmitis and inflammation of the eyelids.
Symptom
Nocardia sclera symptoms common symptoms fever eye pain photophobia dyspnea abscess tears
The most common manifestation of Nocardia is pulmonary infection. The lung is the most common primary infection site. Its clinical manifestations are non-specific, with fever, cough, weight loss and difficulty in breathing or lung abscess formation. The pleural wave and the chest wall cause the fistula; 20% to 40% of patients have central nervous system dissemination; other disseminated parts include skin and subcutaneous tissue, kidney, heart, liver, spleen, bone, lymph nodes and eyes.
Examine
Examination of Nocardia scleritis
1. Bacteriological examination: Noca bacteria culture method Tissue scraping can be cultured in blood agar or SDA for 10 to 14 days, and some cases can be positive.
2. Scleral tissue biopsy: Suppurative changes, a large number of neutrophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltration, macrophages are rare, showing histological changes of Nocardia infection.
3. Histological examination: Giemsa staining is a characteristic hyphae with diagnostic value. There are scattered Gram-positive, branched hyphae, or pellets composed of hyphae.
Although X-ray examination is not characteristic, lung radiography can determine the extent of the lesion.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of Nocardia scleritis
The clinical manifestations and X-ray signs of Nocardia lung infection are non-specific. If the tissue scraper shows acid-fast bacteria by mild Ziehl-Neelsen staining, Nocardia is more likely, and there is no acid-fast staining bacteria. The diagnosis of Nocardia infection cannot be ruled out, and there is currently no ideal method for the diagnosis of serum immunology.
