Femoral artery injury
Introduction
Introduction to femoral artery injury Femoral artery contusion, rupture or rupture caused by trauma or iatrogenic injury may secondary to femoral artery thrombosis, and smaller femoral artery stab wounds may cause pseudoaneurysm formation. According to the history of trauma, the type and characteristics of fractures, clinical manifestations and weakening or disappearance of the dorsal artery pulsation, it is not difficult to make a diagnosis. Individuals with difficult diagnosis may choose CTA or arteriography. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001%, more common in violent sharp trauma Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Hemorrhagic shock
Cause
Cause of femoral artery injury
(1) Causes of the disease
Mostly, the femoral fracture is stabbed, and the penetrating injury during the war can also be injured.
(two) pathogenesis
The femoral artery originates from the external iliac artery and extends from the midpoint of the inguinal region to the inferior adductor muscle to the radial artery. In the process, the femoral artery is divided into the lateral femoral artery, the medial femoral artery and the perforating artery. In addition to penetrating wounds during wartime, it is usually caused by sharp stab wounds or other sharp instruments during the fracture of the femoral shaft. The common femoral (shallow) arteries (Fig. 1) may also cause damage to the femoral artery and femoral vein at the same time. Arteriovenous fistula; stabbing causes partial rupture of the femoral artery wall, and may form a pseudoaneurysm or secondary thrombosis in the later stage. After the femoral artery is blocked, the collateral circulation mainly depends on the arterial network formed by the deep femoral artery; therefore If damaged in this segment or above, the rate of limb necrosis can be as high as 80%.
Prevention
Femoral artery injury prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Femoral artery injury complications Complications, hemorrhagic shock
When the bleeding is severe, bloody shock can occur.
Symptom
Femoral artery injury symptoms Common symptoms Shock foot dorsal artery pulsation disappeared arterial bleeding
1. Severe femoral artery open injury can cause hemorrhagic shock or even death due to major bleeding. This situation is mainly seen in traffic accidents and sharp injuries in addition to war injuries.
2. Closed femoral artery laceration If the wall is broken or partially broken, the thigh will rapidly develop progressive swelling and the pulse that is consistent with the pulse (no later), and the limbs will be cold, pain, numbness, and dorsal artery. The pulsation disappeared and other symptoms of lower limb ischemia.
3. Femoral artery wall contusion or intimal tear injury may occur due to secondary thrombosis or short-term vasospasm.
4. Femoral artery iatrogenic injury may occur in femoral pseudoaneurysm, manifested as pulsatile mass in the inguinal region, progressive increase.
5. If the femoral vein injury is combined, it can cause femoral arteriovenous fistula, which is characterized by swelling of the affected limb, high skin temperature, and murmur or tremor in the groin area during physical examination.
Examine
Femoral artery injury examination
1.B Ultra
Can generally understand the femoral artery injury, the presence or absence of secondary thrombosis, pseudoaneurysm and the presence or absence of arteriovenous fistula;
2.X line
It can be confirmed whether there is a femur fracture;
3. CTA or arteriography
Identify the site of femoral artery injury and guide surgical treatment.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of femoral artery injury
According to the history of trauma, the type and characteristics of fractures, clinical manifestations and weakening or disappearance of the dorsal artery pulsation, it is not difficult to make a diagnosis. Individuals with difficult diagnosis may choose CTA or arteriography.
